Fruit preserves come in various types, including whole fruit preserves, confit, jam, fruit butter, fruit spreads, fruit curds, marmalade, and jelly. They are used in a variety of ways, such as spreads for baked goods and toppings for savory foods. Markets offer a range of different types of fruit preserves to suit consumers’ needs.
There are several types of fruit preserves that vary in composition and method of preservation. Fruit preserves are produced all over the world and used in a variety of ways. Many people are familiar with the use of fruit preserves as spreads for baked goods, for example, but preserves can also be used as toppings for savory foods and as ingredients in cakes and a variety of other dishes. Many markets offer a range of different types of fruit preserves to suit consumers’ needs.
Some people use the term “preserves” to refer to a specific type of fruit preserves. In this sense, preserves are whole fruits lightly cooked in sugar and water and canned as-is, with the intention of being eaten whole. These whole fruits can be used in a variety of ways and taste naturally sweet and fresh. A closely related concept is confit, a fruit preserved by soaking the fruits in repeated changes of sugar syrup so that the sugar soaks into the fruit and acts as a preservative. Confit is often made with whole small fruits such as strawberries and cherries, or segments of larger fruits such as oranges.
Other types of fruit preserves are made by cutting and processing the fruit in some way. Jam is a type of preserved fruit made from whole fruit that has been crushed or cut into pieces and cooked in sugar water to release the natural pectin in the fruit, causing the jam to solidify into a mass. When more fruits are used or nuts are added, the jam turns into preserves. Fruit butter is a style of fruit preserve made by forcing cooked fruit through a very fine-grained sieve to generate a creamy preserve with a uniform texture.
When fruit preserves are made without sugar, they are known as fruit spreads. Because fruit spreads lack the preservative properties of sugar, many of them are short-lived and need to be used up quickly, but taste fresher. Fruit curds are made by cooking egg yolks, fruit juice and sugar to create a rich and highly flavorful cream. Most commonly, citrus fruits such as lemons and limes are used to make fruit curds.
Marmalade is a special type of fruit jam that is meant to carry a bitter edge along with the intended sweet flavor. Traditionally, citrus fruits such as Seville orange are used to make jam, and the spread is robust and quite dry. Jelly is another entry in the list of types of fruit preserves, made with fruit juice or liquid left behind after other types of fruit preserves have been made. The gelatin includes additional pectin, ensuring that the juice sets into a solid mass.
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