Industrial conveyor belts move materials using a belt or screw mechanism. They can vary in design, size, and materials. Basic types have metal cylinders mounted on frames, while belt systems are motorized and can have curves. Food industry belts may use wire mesh or solid metal sheets. Some systems are mobile and adjustable.
Industrial conveyor belts are systems designed to move materials or objects a set distance using a belt wound around a series of rotating cylinders, although other designs also exist. A screw conveyor, for example, uses a large screw mechanism to move materials rather than a belt. The specific design, size, shape, and materials of construction of industrial conveyor belts can vary significantly based on the intended purpose of the unit. Some conveyor systems are even mobile to allow for the system to be repositioned or transported to a specific job site.
The most basic types of industrial conveyor belts feature parallel frames with a series of metal cylinders mounted between them, perpendicular to the frames. These cylinders are mounted on axles which in turn are mounted on the frames, allowing for free rotation of the cylinders when an object is placed on them and pushed forward. Such industrial conveyor belts are actually not belted at all, but instead facilitate movement on bare rolls; they are usually unpowered and are useful in smaller rooms where sorting or inspection is performed.
Belt conveyor systems feature a belt wrapped around cylinders. The belt will provide a flatter surface for items to be moved and can prevent materials from sliding between the reels, causing a jam or damaging the reels. These systems are usually motorized to facilitate the handling of bulky or heavy objects or materials. The trail doesn’t necessarily have to be straight; curves and angles can be integrated into the system to meet the needs of a particular industrial environment.
Sometimes it is necessary to replace the rubber belt with a belt made of other material. This is common on industrial conveyor belts used in the food industry, as rubber can contaminate food. Rubber belts are also more difficult to clean, especially in food processing environments. Wire mesh belts are often used instead because they are less likely to contaminate food, are much easier to clean, and allow for better ventilation. Solid metal sheets can also be used, although this is less likely and a much more expensive option than wire mesh.
Most often, industrial conveyor belts are equipped with wheels or tracks that allow the entire system to be relocated or transported to a new location. Belt-driven systems used in quarries, for example, can be quite large and can be fitted with wheels so that a towing vehicle can reposition the system as needed; the height of the belt is also usually adjustable, so one end of the conveyor can be placed higher than the other.
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