Light microscopes use glass lenses to magnify small objects and come in simple and compound configurations. Compound microscopes have at least two lens arrays and allow for greater magnification. They were invented in the late 16th century and were used by Robert Hooke and Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in their scientific demonstrations.
Microscopes are tools that allow the user to see things on a larger scale by producing an accurate magnified image of small objects. Microscopes are classified by how the image is magnified. Types of microscopes include acoustic microscopes, electron microscopes, X-ray microscopes, and optical microscopes, also called light microscope, the subject here. Light microscopes use glass lenses to produce magnified images. They come in several configurations: simple light microscopes use only a single lens, while compound light microscopes combine two or more sets of lenses.
A simple microscope is also known as a magnifying glass. It consists of a single or compound lens. Examples of a simple loupe are a magnifying glass, a jeweler’s loupe or loupe, and a reading loupe. Several types of aberration are possible in a single lens. Each of these affects image quality differently. Chromatic aberrations distort color. Spherical aberration distorts the focus of the image periphery. Distortion produces curves in which the image is straight.
A simple compound lens microscope is different from a compound microscope. A compound lens is a series of simple lenses that share a common axis. A compound lens corrects some aberrations that can occur when only one lens is used, and can also magnify at a higher power.
A compound microscope has at least two lens arrays, allowing for greater magnification than that of a simple microscope. One such array is the target. It is placed close to the object under study and has a short focal length. The eyepiece, also called an eyepiece, collects the real image formed by the lens and creates a virtual image.
The basic form of the compound light microscope is monocular. There are two types made for two eyes. In one case, a single objective with a pair of eyepieces is used, creating two-dimensional vision that can be seen with both eyes, and is therefore binocular. A stereo microscope, however, has not only two eyepieces, but also two objectives, so that the object appears three-dimensional.
Compound light microscopes were invented by three Dutch eyeglass makers in the late 16th century. It was this type of microscope that was used some 70 years later by Robert Hooke in his demonstrations for the Royal Society. It was about ten years after Hooke began his demonstrations that Antonie van Leeuwenhoek began using simple hand-made light microscopes to observe freshwater microorganisms, and the field of microbiology had its beginnings.
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