MRI with contrast uses special dyes to enhance images of specific areas of the body. Different types of contrast agents are used for different purposes, such as detecting tumors or monitoring liver damage. MRI without contrast is used as a baseline for comparison.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a type of imaging that doctors use to take pictures of the inside of the body. Contrast is the term used to describe special dyes that can be used in MRI tests. An MRI with contrast allows doctors to see enhanced images of specific areas. The type of contrast used varies depending on what a doctor is trying to obtain and diagnose. Contrast agents are classified into categories based on which areas of the body provide contrasting images.
In many cases, doctors will take several photos without contrast before taking images using a contrast-enhanced MRI. MRI tests are similar to X-rays. The difference is that this particular type of medical imaging provides doctors with images of the body’s soft tissues, whereas standard X-rays can only detect hard parts, such as bones. Using MRI images without contrast agent, baseline images can be used to compare contrast-enhanced images.
A gastrointestinal MRI with contrast is focused on the gastrointestinal area of the body. The target is the abdominal region, including the stomach and intestines. Generally, the dyes are administered orally and are either positive or negative. Positive contrast makes an area brighter than its surroundings. Negative contrast provides darker areas on images.
Intravascular agents are used in an MRI with contrast targeted at veins, arteries, and the heart. These contrasts help doctors look for dead tissue. They can also be used to detect tumors in this area. In some cases, abnormalities may be visible that may occur in the veins or arteries.
Tumor-specific agents are used for an MRI with contrast used in the diagnosis of tumors. Common types of contrast agents include monoclonal antibodies and metalloporphyrins. Metalloporphyrins are used to detect sarcoma and lymphoma cancers in addition to cancers that occur with melanoma and carcinoma. Monoclonal antibodies are often used to detect specific cancers, such as those that occur with adenocarcinoma.
For a contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver, gallbladder, and biliary region, hepatobiliary agents are used. These contrasts can help doctors find masses in the liver. They can also provide monitoring for damage caused by cirrhosis of the liver and other similar diseases. Due to the length of time contrast agents remain effective, higher resolution is available for a longer period of time before visibility begins to decrease.
Images of the lymph nodes are possible through the use of an MRI with contrast. This MRI uses ultra-small particles of iron oxide (USPIO) as a contrast agent. When introduced into the body via an intravenous injection, USPIO goes directly to the lymph nodes. With this contrast medium, doctors are able to determine whether enlarged lymph nodes are present. It also helps distinguish cancerous nodes from healthy nodes.
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