Refrigerators have come a long way since William Cullen’s first model in 1755. Jacob Perkins invented the practical refrigerator in 1834, and since then, refrigeration units have evolved significantly. The compressor is the most important part of the refrigeration process, and refrigerant or ammonia is used to cool the refrigerator. Heat exchange coils inside and outside the refrigerator help regulate temperature, and the expansion valve changes the refrigerant from high to low pressure, causing evaporation and absorption of heat.
Refrigerators have taken a bumpy road over the past 262 years. William Cullen created the first refrigerator, although it was not suitable for any everyday use. Only in 1834 was a practical refrigerator invented by Jacob Perkins. Since 1830, refrigerators have taken a giant step forward. Refrigeration units have changed dramatically over the past 200 years.
The basic refrigeration parts are extremely similar to those of any air conditioning unit. The refrigeration parts are basically divided into four main points with twice used area. One of the most important parts of refrigeration is the compressor. The compressor starts and ends the entire refrigeration process. If this goes down, the whole system will fail. The refrigerant gas is the main key regarding the compressor. Refrigerant is the liquid inside the refrigerator used to cool it down to a low temperature, thus creating the cooler temperatures inside. In today’s major industrial installations, companies are starting to use ammonia instead of refrigerant. Ammonia cools to a temperature of 27 degrees below zero Fahrenheit, or 32 degrees below zero Celsius. The compressor will start compressing the gas creating a higher pressure and higher temperature of the refrigerant.
From the compressor to the heat exchange coils outside the refrigerator, the coils help keep the pressure of the refrigerant low by dissipating its heat. This process takes place via pressurization. During cooling, the refrigerant begins to condense back into a liquid as it flows through the expansion valve. The expansion valve is the final piece of refrigeration parts outside the refrigerator. As the refrigerant travels through the expansion valve, it changes from high pressure to low pressure.
As the refrigerant flows through the expansion valve, it rapidly changes from a high pressure situation with warmer temperatures to a lower pressure situation with colder temperatures. The refrigerant passes through another set of heat exchangers. These heat exchange coils remain inside the refrigerator. As the refrigerant passes through the expansion valve, it will expand and evaporate. Through the process of evaporation, heat is absorbed and temperatures are lowered. As the temperatures drop in the heat transfer coils inside the refrigerator, the temperatures in the refrigerator will also begin to drop. The heat exchange coils will lead back to the compressor which is outside the refrigerator and the refrigeration parts will start the cycle all over again.
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