Various sustainable energy sources, including wind, water, geothermal, sunlight, and biofuels, are replacing unsustainable fossil fuels. Engineers are developing technologies to harness previously untapped sources such as ocean waves and tides. Hydroelectric dams, wind farms, and geothermal energy have been used for decades. Solar energy can be stored in batteries for later use. Biofuels are extracted from plants to replace fossil fuels.
Many sustainable energy sources are used to power people around the world. The movement of wind and water are often used as sustainable energy sources, as are heat from geothermal vents and sunlight. Biofuels are also replacing the unsustainable fossil fuels that many people rely on for most of their energy needs. Engineers and scientists are developing technologies that can use previously untapped sustainable energy sources such as ocean waves and tides.
Water has been used for centuries to provide energy. One of the first types of green energy power plants was the hydroelectric dam, some of which have been in continuous use for more than 100 years. Dams produce energy by allowing water to fall from an elevated reservoir through a series of turbines that can collect and transmit the energy to a power plant. Engineers are also developing ways to use the movement of tides and ocean waves to harvest energy. While sustainable energy sources using ocean power are still under development, the large amounts of energy in the ocean could make this an excellent energy source in the future.
The sun is one of the most used sustainable energy sources. Solar panels use photosensitive cells to collect and generate energy from solar radiation. The main disadvantage of this energy source is that energy can only be harvested when the sun is out. Advances in solar technology allow energy to be absorbed in partial sun and stored in batteries so that the energy can be used when the sun is not shining.
Geothermal energy and wind energy are two sustainable energy sources that have been used for several decades. Wind farms are quite common in many parts of the world where the wind can drive blades attached to energy harvesting turbines. Geothermal energy uses the heat that escapes from the earth’s core as an energy source. Its main limitation is that it can only be used in areas with volcanic activity.
Another of the sustainable energy sources is biofuel. These fuels are being designed to replace fossil fuels, which people use up faster than they can be replenished. Biofuels are extracted from plants, either as a byproduct of food crops or as a primary product of fuel crops.
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