Tag technology uses standardized labeling of data, such as in HTML, CSS, and XML. HTML tags enclose sections of text and control visual formatting, while CSS separates formatting into a style sheet. XML tags describe information contained in text, allowing for easier integration into databases.
Tag technology requires data to be labeled in a standardized way. The best known use of this is in HTML, which labels information on web pages to control their layout and appearance. Other web-based tagging systems include CSS and XML.
Hypertext Mark-Up Language, or HTML, is probably the most widely used form of tag technology. It is the basis of how web pages work and why they are different from simple text documents. HTML coding requires sections of text to be enclosed in a tag. The tag starts with a sign. Tags are used in pairs, with the second repeating the tag but preceding it with a / sign to indicate that the section of text to tag is finished.
Computer software that handles HTML, such as a Web browser, knows that text labeled in this way is information about the page’s content, rather than text to be displayed to the reader. Most HTML tags deal with the visual formatting of text, such as whether it is shown in bold, italic, or underlined. Some tags also describe its function, particularly when the text links to another web page.
A more advanced form of tagging technology used on websites is Cascading Style Sheets or CSS. When writing a page in CSS, the web designer will use tags to indicate what type of text a section is, for example, a sub-heading or a long quote, but won’t specifically indicate how this text should look. Instead this information will be contained in a separate document known as a style sheet. One advantage of this is that updating the style sheet can instantly change the appearance of all text with a particular tag on an entire website rather than having to update each example individually. Another benefit is that the person viewing the site can use their own style sheet and have more control over how the page looks.
Extensible Markup Language, or XML, takes a different approach to tag technology. Instead of just determining what text looks like, XML tags can describe what kind of information that text contains. This is similar to using fields in a database and means that XML-based web pages and documents are much easier to integrate into database tools. Unlike HTML, which uses a standardized set of tags, XML allows for customizable tags. For example, if a city guide website used an XML tag called “busroutes” to mark up the section on each page listing local bus routes, it would be easy to automatically produce a new page that would compile information about all bus routes. the cities.
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