Abrasive cutting tools use hard materials to rapidly cut objects. They come in various types, from simple metal files to complex water jet cutters. Abrasives include diamond, corundum, garnet, and emery. These tools are used for cutting materials ranging from wood and metal to stone and gems.
Abrasive cutting tools are any number of tools that cut by rapidly rubbing a hard material across the object being cut. One of the most basic types is a grinding wheel. An abrasive material is hard and rough and wears down anything it rubs against. These tools are embedded with an abrasive material.
Because abrasive cutting is efficient and relatively inexpensive, abrasive cutting tools come in a large variety. If you look closely, you are likely to find them for any type of cutting job you may have. For every solid that needs to be cut, there is a tool for the job.
The abrasives in abrasive cutting tools are usually very hard crystals. To perform well, these tools must use an abrasive that is harder than the material being cut. Since diamond is the hardest substance on earth, it is used when very hard substances need to be cut or polished.
Other abrasives include aluminum oxide, called corundum in its crystalline form; garnet; and emery. Abrasive cutting tools use the friction of these abrasives to cut materials ranging from wood and metal to stone and gems. Softer tools, such as an iron file, are used to cut softer materials such as wood. Harder materials such as gems require those with very hard abrasives, such as diamond.
Abrasive cutting tools can range from very simple to very complex. A very simple one is a metal file. The rough surface of the file can be used to cut or scrape wood or soft metals, but requires a lot of physical work. Adding power to tools gives us slightly more complicated cutting or grinding wheels. These are often used for cutting and polishing stone and work much faster than hand tools.
When we get to the more complex abrasive cutting tools, we come across things like abrasive water jet cutters. These tools are often computer programmed to cut complex shapes from sheet metal in manufacturing. They work by shooting a high-powered jet of water at metal. Within the water are abrasive crystals, such as garnet, and the pressure from these abrasives can cut metal with incredible precision and speed. From the simplest rough piece of metal to the most complex and accurate computerized machine, these devices find their place in almost any situation where something hard needs to be cut.
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