Archaeology consultants help companies determine if land slated for development contains historical or cultural artifacts. They review historical data and conduct field research to produce comprehensive reports. They also help companies recover artifacts and identify areas that may contain energy resources.
Archeology consultants provide clients with information about historical and cultural artifacts. In many countries, laws prevent companies from developing land that may contain items of archaeological importance. Consequently, many construction companies and energy providers hire archeology consultants to determine whether these items are located in areas slated to be rebuilt or cleared for pipelines or new construction.
Typically, consultants work on a contractual basis for commercial or consumer clients. The client requests information from the consultant about a specific area or region and the consultant conducts research before producing a comprehensive report. Consultants review historical documents, such as censuses, to find information about settlements that may have been located in the area. If artifacts were previously located in a specific area, consultants provide clients with information about those items and prepare a report that details the other types of artifacts that can be found in the general area.
In addition to reviewing historical data, archeology consultants also conduct field research. This usually involves taking soil samples, testing the samples for traces of metal, pottery, and other materials that might serve as evidence that civilizations existed in the area. In addition to man-made artifacts, archeology consultants may also test soil samples for evidence of animal or plant matter that may be of historical or scientific interest. Some researchers use seismic projections to detect buried artifacts, while others use sonar or other technology to locate items that may be located within bodies of water.
Laws in many countries prevent companies from disrupting burial sites and other sites of religious importance. In other cases, developers can develop historically important areas if scientists carefully remove any bones, pottery, and other items that might be of interest to researchers. Archeology consultants help companies locate and recover these artifacts. Companies that illegally damage archaeological sites are often subject to fines and fines; the cost of hiring a consultant is usually much less than the cost of paying a fine.
Some types of animal and plant matter decompose over time and eventually produce substances such as crude oil or natural gas. Energy companies often hire archeology consultants familiar with prehistoric sites to help identify areas that may contain deposits of these energy resources. In these cases, energy companies dig exploratory wells to determine the accuracy of the consultant’s findings before wholesale production work begins.
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