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Cold sores, also known as fever blisters, are caused by the herpes simplex virus and can cause painful blisters on the gums, mouth, and lips. The virus is contagious and can lead to bacterial infections. Treatment options include oral and topical medications, but precautions should be taken to avoid spreading the virus.
Cold sores is a type of herpes simplex virus that infects the gums, mouth, and lips with blisters. Two common names for cold sores are fever blisters and cold sores. The first signs of infection are increased sensitivity, itching, and a burning sensation around or in the mouth. Warning signs are usually followed by painful blisters and precautions must be taken because the virus is contagious.
The blisters associated with this virus are usually red, inflamed, and seep yellow fluid that can form a crust around the sore. The location and intensity of the blisters can cause severe pain, and the virus often requires medical attention. This infection is typically recurrent because the virus resides in facial nerve tissue, but these outbreaks are usually less severe. Sometimes a doctor can identify cold sores with a visual exam, but viral cultures are available for further diagnosis.
The frequent recurrence of the blisters can be difficult to treat due to both the continued activity of the infection and the inability to treat existing sores before new blisters emerge. An infection can spread to other areas of the body due to the contagious nature of cold sores. The virus can sometimes lead to various bacterial infections, making the disease more difficult to contain. There are various triggers that accelerate the recurrence based on individual body and skin types. Sun exposure, menstrual cycles, and stress can cause sores to appear.
There are a number of ways that cold sores can be passed on or contracted from others. When the infection is active and there are visible sores, people should avoid kissing and sharing utensils, toothbrushes, cloths, or other items that come into contact with the infected area. The use of a mild antibacterial soap is usually suggested for cleaning the area and disinfecting the hands. There are treatments available for cold sores that can reduce the pain associated with the virus and typically help prevent an unceasing recurrence.
Although some symptoms usually go away on their own after about a week, oral and topical medications are available. Prescribed oral medications generally treat symptoms and help prevent an outbreak. Topical ointments are prescribed or bought over the counter and help soothe and reduce symptoms. There are different stages of the virus, and antiviral treatment is usually more beneficial than allowing the infection to run its course. The predominantly infected area should be kept clean and contact with the area should be minimized to avoid spreading.
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