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Dental pliers come in different shapes and sizes for different jobs. They have a beak, neck, and handle, and are designed to hold teeth firmly below the gum line. Dental forceps are used in different areas of the mouth and are designed to conform to the shape of a tooth surface. They are swung or rotated to break down the periodontal membrane and widen the socket in the jawbone. A dental lift can also be used to help loosen a tooth.
Dental pliers are metal tools used to extract teeth and come in different sizes and shapes to assist with different jobs. They generally have the same general characteristics, such as the beak, neck and handle. Prongs are designed to hold a tooth firmly below the gum line; the inner surface of the beak is usually concave while the outer surface is convex. Dental forceps types include upper and lower universal forceps, upper right and left molar forceps, and wisdom tooth forceps.
Generally, dental forceps are designed for use in different areas of the mouth. The beak is typically designed to conform to the shape of a tooth surface. Forceps used for lower teeth typically have jaws that are set at right angles to the handle. The handles of forceps generally vary for which teeth are to be pulled: the handles for the upper teeth can be straight or slightly curved. The neck is shaped so that the beak can be positioned tightly around the tooth, allowing the dentist to apply maximum force to extract the tooth.
When teeth are pulled out with forceps, they are initially swung or slightly rotated, depending on which tooth is being removed. This action breaks down the periodontal membrane – the fleshy tissue between the tooth and the socket that holds the tooth in place – and widens the socket in the jawbone. The motion also helps push the beak of the forceps further down around the root of the tooth – the blades of the dental forceps need to be sharp so they can slide easily between the tooth and the gum. With the beak in place, the dentist grips the handle with his palm; the force on the handle typically forces the tooth out of the socket.
Along with pliers, a dentist can sometimes use a dental lift to help loosen a tooth. An elevator is a single bladed tool used as a type of wedge. It is slid between the tooth and the gum, and the blade sticks like an ice pick to the side of the tooth to help pull it out. For example, if a lower molar fractures below jawbone level, dental forceps may not be able to grip the molar to remove it. An elevator is then placed in the socket, wedged into the root side of the tooth, and rotated during tooth extraction.
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