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“Designer babies” refer to using genetic technologies to select a child’s characteristics. While it opens up possibilities, it also raises ethical dilemmas and could create social inequalities. Genetic engineering could irreversibly change the human species, and many religious groups oppose it. Some countries have banned genetic alterations in humans.
The term “designer babies” is used to describe how genetic technologies can be used to choose a child’s gender, eye color, hair color, and other characteristics. Also called genetic engineering, designing a baby opens up many possibilities as well as ethical dilemmas. It’s a controversial topic, and the technologies behind designing children have the potential to alter the human race.
DNA contains the blueprint of an organism’s individual characteristics. The segments of DNA that control certain characteristics are called genes. Using certain types of enzymes, scientists have been able to cut specific genes and use them to create customized DNA strands. These strands can then be inserted into an embryo to alter the genetics of the organism.
Rapid advances in knowledge of human DNA and the ability to modify it has led to the possibility of creating designer babies. Currently, basic types of genetic screenings and alterations are possible. Fertility doctors can already use genetic screening and in vitro fertilization (IVF) to select fertilized embryos based on gender. They can also check genes for certain abnormalities or potential future inherited diseases, such as diabetes or cancer. In some cases, doctors can use IVF and genetic modification to create designer babies using only normal, healthy genes.
While the potential for using genetic engineering for the good of the human race is an exciting prospect, critics say the technology also has many downsides. Opponents of using the genetic alteration to create designer babies say it could produce a race of super babies, but only for people who can afford the necessary procedures. This could increase social inequalities. In addition, the changes made to the DNA of signed newborns permanently alter the genetics of the child and these changes are passed on to future generations. Over time, this could irreversibly change the human species.
Most opponents of genetic modification aren’t too concerned about the ability to choose the sex or color of a child’s eyes, but they are concerned that it will lead to more and more genetic interference. Many religious groups oppose the technology, saying people should accept the children God gives them. Some countries have banned the use of genetic alterations in humans. Others are trying to make laws that allow certain types of genetic screening and modification related to disease prevention, while making other types of genetic interference illegal.
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