The Raven’s Progressive Matrices is a nonverbal test that measures general intelligence through identifying missing elements in patterns. It has three forms and is used in education, clinical, and occupational fields to evaluate cognitive abilities and identify suitable candidates for management positions.
The Raven’s Progressive Matrices is a multiple-choice nonverbal test that measures an individual’s general intelligence or abstract reasoning ability. Named for John C. Raven, the creator of the test, it is considered one of the best single measures of general intelligence available. The test consists of a series of patterns presented in the form of matrices and is more difficult as the test progresses. During the test, the subject is asked to identify the missing element in the pattern.
The test has three different forms, the original being the Standard Progressive Matrix, aimed at determining an individual’s level of intelligence. All three forms of Raven’s Progressive Matrices test measure, to varying degrees, two components of general intelligence. A component determines a person’s ability to think clearly and make sense of complex situations. The other component indicates the ability of an individual to store, process and reproduce information. Both components are thought to be robust and reliable measures of a person’s mental capacity.
The test consists of five sets of 12 matrices that require increased cognitive ability on the part of the individual taking the test as they progress. Matrices involve a wide variety of problems, and the person must successfully solve them to receive a higher score. Another form of Raven’s Progressive Matrices targets other populations, such as children or individuals who may have known cognitive impairments.
Colored progressive arrays feature color patterns. Instead of five series, this test has only three series of 12 models where the last series is presented in black and white. If the individual can complete the third set, the person progresses to the last three sets of the standard progressive matrix test.
The final form of the test, Advanced Progressive Matrices, is designed for people believed to have above average general intelligence. This test has only two sets of matrices. In the first set of matrices, only 12 are presented, which become more and more difficult. The second set contains 36 matrices which are more difficult than the standard version of the test.
The educational, clinical, and occupational fields all use Raven’s progressive matrices for various reasons. The test is useful for evaluating the neurological damage of a patient in the hospital. It is also useful for determining the cognitive abilities of people who cannot cope with the demands of longer intelligence tests. Schools use them to determine whether a student should be placed in a gifted program or a disability program. In business, the test is used to identify the most suitable people for management positions.
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