Ultraviolet waves are shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays and gamma rays. They have more energy and can penetrate further into the human body, causing damage. However, they are also beneficial for sterilization and vitamin D production. Overexposure can lead to sunburn and skin cancer, so proper protection is important.
Light is made up of both waves and particles. The speed at which these waves oscillate determines the type of wave. Ultraviolet waves (UV waves) are waves shorter than violet light: the shortest light wave that humans can detect with our eyes. Ultraviolet waves are between 100 and 4000 angstroms (10-400 nanometers). This is shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays and gamma rays.
The shorter the wave in the spectrum, the more energy it has and the faster it oscillates. The more energy a wave has, the more dangerous it is for humans. The higher energy means that the waves can penetrate further into the human body and cause more damage. Ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays are all shorter waves than violet in the light spectrum. While all three can be harmful to humans, ultraviolet waves have become the best known.
The most harmful ultraviolet waves are kept out of the earth’s atmosphere, but some are capable of sneaking their way in. This can be both good and bad, as ultraviolet waves are both beneficial and harmful. Some animals, like bees, can detect UV light and see special patterns in flowers that lead them to the source of the nectar. Furthermore, the waves can also give scientists a different view of the universe. Using cameras and specialized equipment, scientists are able to study the sun, stars and various objects on our planet.
Another benefit of ultraviolet light is its ability to sterilize. UV waves are used in air and water purifiers as a way to eradicate bacteria and viruses. Waves are also crucial for our body’s production of vitamin D. When the UV waves hit the skin, they stimulate the production of the vitamin. While it’s true that UV waves contribute to vitamin D production, it’s important not to overexpose yourself to any form of ultraviolet light.
One of the most common forms of damage caused by UV waves is sunburn. When the waves hit the skin, they can damage or kill skin cells. Over time, overexposure to UV waves can also lead to skin cancer. Since sunburn is caused by ultraviolet waves, it is possible to get burned even on a cloudy day; always wearing the proper protection is important. Limiting exposure to ultraviolet waves for life can help people avoid these disastrous side effects.
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