Baroreceptors are sensory nerve endings in blood vessels that sense blood pressure levels and signal the central nervous system to regulate blood vessel resistance and contractions. There are two types: arterial and low-pressure, which respond rapidly to changes in blood pressure and regulate blood volume, respectively. They help maintain biological stability.
Baroreceptors, also called pressoreceptors, are sensory nerve endings in human blood vessels that sense blood pressure levels and signal abnormal blood pressure to the central nervous system, which responds by regulating blood vessel resistance and the speed and strength of blood vessel contractions. Heart. This process is known as a baroreflex. The baroreceptors work by sensing the stretch in the blood vessel walls.
There are two main types of baroreceptors, arterial or high pressure and low pressure. The first is found only in the aortic arch that starts from the heart and in the carotid sinuses at the origin of the carotid arteries, the main arteries that supply the brain. As the name suggests, high pressure baroreceptors are active in the area of the circulatory system where blood pressure is at its highest.
The arterial baroreceptors respond very rapidly to changes in blood pressure, activating more rapidly as blood pressure rises, resulting in a lower heart rate and less blood vessel resistance. When they stop shooting, the central nervous system responds by increasing heart rate and blood vessel resistance. They only respond to short-term changes, so if your blood pressure stays high for a few days, they will reset to the new “normal” blood pressure in your body, resulting in high blood pressure.
Low-pressure baroreceptors regulate blood volume in the body. They are found in the walls of major veins and in the right atrium of the heart, which receives deoxygenated blood from the body. Low-pressure baroreceptors, in addition to affecting the circulatory system, can also have an effect on the kidneys, causing salt and water retention if blood volume is too low. If stimulated by stretching the vein walls, the kidneys respond by secreting excess salt and water through urination. Through these means, they help maintain homeostasis, or biological stability.
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