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The origin of assigning precious stones to objects and birth months can be traced back to Aaron’s ceremonial breastplate in Exodus. The tradition evolved to include zodiac signs and folk remedies, with the current birthstone assignments established in 1912.
Attribution of precious and semi-precious stones and to a set of twelve objects
can be traced back to the ceremonial breastplate worn by Moses’ brother, a
Jewish High Priest named Aaron. As described in Exodus 28, verses 15-30, the
the breastplate was adorned with 12 stones, one for each tribe of Israel.
Twelve precious stones were also awarded to each of the Apostles in the New
Will.
In the Middle Ages, stone sets were paired with angels and
archangels of the Bible and the signs of the zodiac. In the XVIII century
Poland, single stone amulets for each month of the year to wear
as a folk remedy for diseases.
The actual assignment of the stones to the months was established by the American
National Association of Jewelers in 1912. Today birthstones are worn for
good luck and to enhance the positive properties associated with each gem.
Stones by month:
January: garnet
February: amethyst
March: Aquamarine, Bloodstone
April: diamond
May: emerald
June: Pearl, Moonstone
July: Ruby
August: Peridot
September: Sapphire
October: Opal, Tourmaline
November: yellow topaz, citrine
December: Turquoise, Blue Topaz
