A rafter hook secures beams and joists to headers and beams. Hooks vary in size and design, and special I-beam hangers are available for wooden I-beams. Cold-formed metal beams use specially designed joist hangers with self-tapping metal screws. Two common steel beam supports are the front mount and top flange beam mounts. The seat of the hook must have the same dimensions as the joist or beam, and side wings should be no longer than the height of the joist or beam.
A rafter hook, also called a joist hook, is a mechanical device used to secure joists and beams known as bearing members to beams and headers known as bearing members. Beams and joists can be constructed of sized lumber, lumber, structural composite lumber, wood I-beam, or metal in a variety of sizes, so these beam hooks vary in size and design. Beams and joists are attached to each other by fasteners driven, bolted or screwed through holes in the beam support to both the carried and bearing member.
The design of steel beam hangers is determined by the function of the supported member, joist or joist. A joist is a supported member that is horizontal and is generally attached to a beam by a joist hook at a 90° angle. Any structural connections should use hooks and fasteners as identified in the engineer’s or architect’s bill of materials for safety and adherence to building codes. Special I-beam hangers are available to accommodate the popular wooden I-beams often found in residential construction.
A beam has a slope measured uphill from the ride, such as a step one in four. That is, for every four units of horizontal measurement, the beam tilts by one unit. When the building design calls for a hipped roof or a roof with one or more hems, the beams also have a slope, which means that they meet the load-bearing beam at an angle other than 90°.
When a beam has both slope and slope where it meets a beam, a compound miter cut is required for a typical attachment. During installation, special beam supports are available to adjust most pitch and tilt angles on site. Some suppliers have produced beam support that requires the builder to cut for only one bevel angle and reduce production time by saving a bevel cut for bevel.
For multi-story commercial construction requiring hot-formed I-beams, attachments are typically made using techniques and designs involving welding and riveting; they are not generally used by residential and light commercial builders. The metal beams and joists used in most residential and light commercial buildings are cold formed and have specially designed joist hangers to match their shapes and materials. Self-tapping metal screws are used as fasteners in most of these applications, although attention must be paid to listing specifications to ensure safety and code compliance.
Two common designs of steel beam supports are generally available at building supply outlets and hardware stores. They are the front mount beam mount and the top flange beam mount. The top design has tabs arranged at 90° to the face of the beam support and rests on the top surface of the carrier.
The advantages of the top flange on a joist stand are primarily speed of installation, while the disadvantages include bumps created in a sub-floor and the requirement for a precise fit of the size lumber used for the joist or joist. A front mount timber post hanger takes a little more time to install accurately, but is much more versatile in use. In both cases, it is important that the seat, the lower part of the hook on which the supported element rests, has the same dimensions as the joist or joist and that the side wings are no longer than the height of the joist or joist .
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