A bridge plug is a tool used in underground oil drilling to temporarily or permanently stop oil production. They are made from various materials and require a specialized tool for placement. The tool has a tapered, threaded mandrel and compression sleeves to efficiently place the plug in the well.
A bridge plug is a tool used in downhole applications in the oil drilling industry. Downhole means that the deck plug is used underground, meaning it is applied in the well shaft, or underground, to prevent a well from being used. A bridge plug has both permanent and temporary applications, meaning that it can be applied in a way that permanently stops the oil production occurring from the well to which it is applied, or it can be manufactured in a way that makes it recoverable by the well. well, thus allowing production from the well to resume. They can also be used temporarily inside the well to prevent crude oil from reaching an upper area of the well as it is processed or treated.
Bridge dowels are generally made from a number of materials, each with their own applicable advantages and disadvantages. For example, deck plugs made from composite materials are often used in high pressure applications because they are able to withstand pressures of 18,000-20,000 psi (124-137 MPa). On the other hand, their permanent use tends to lend itself to slippage over time due to the lack of bonding between the composite materials and the materials within the well. Deck plugs manufactured from cast iron or another metal may be fine for long-term or even permanent applications, however, they don’t adhere very well in high-pressure situations.
However, jumpers aren’t just placed in a well and left to plug the end. Indeed, placing a bridge plug inside a well to permanently or temporarily stop the flow of oil or gas is an intensive process that must be done tactically and skillfully. It must be done using a specially designed bridge dowel tool to place bridge dowels efficiently.
The tool used to place the dowel usually has a tapered, threaded mandrel which is screwed into the center of the deck dowel and has compression sleeves placed in succession of each other so that when the tool engages the dowel , the sleeves compress around the plug and the tool rotates the downhole plug into the well. When the bridge dowel is at the desired depth, the tool is disengaged from the axial center of the dowel and unscrewed from the cylinder. The tool is removed from the well with the plug left in place, as the sleeves have decompressed once the tool no longer has the plug engaged.
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