The BUP file extension is used for backing up IFO files on DVD video discs. VOB files contain audio and video content, while IFO files provide details about the video content. The BUP file is a backup of the IFO file, ensuring the disc functions if the IFO file is damaged. BUP files are not encrypted, unlike VOB files. They may also be used in other software contexts as a backup file extension.
The BUP file extension is used for one of three types of files on a DVD video disc. It is used for files that back up IFO information files to disk. A DVD video disc could therefore theoretically exist without BUP files, although that would be less reliable.
Not all DVDs will have files with the BUP extension. This is because DVD stands for Digital Versatile Disc and can be used for multiple purposes including pure data storage. The BUP file extension is part of the specification for DVD Video, which is the format used for discs intended to be played on a standalone DVD player.
A DVD video file will contain three types of files. The most important is VOB, short for video object. These are the files that contain the audio and video content itself. Video from a disc that contains only VOB files can still be played on most DVD players and computers, but with limited functionality.
The second type of file is IFO, which is abbreviated from information. Contains details about video content. These details include the start times and start times for chapters. They also include the information needed to distinguish between different audio tracks, such as where there are language or commentary options, and different subtitles. The IFO file will also indicate which video file is to serve as the on-screen menu.
The final type is BUP, short for backup. This is simply an IFO file backup, which means that every DVD video disc has an IFO file and a BUP file. The BUP file exists solely to make sure that the disk can still function fully if the IFO file is damaged in any way. This could happen if the disc surface is smudged or scratched.
Another major difference between file types is the issue of encryption. VOB files are encrypted to prevent movie content from being copied or “ripped”. IFO and BUP files are not encrypted.
It is also possible that the BUP file extension would appear in other software contexts. Some applications will create backup files of key data and simply add the BUP file extension after the main file type extension. This avoids any confusion that could cause your computer to access the wrong file. If and when backup is needed, the BUP file extension can be stripped from the file name, meaning that the backup file simply takes the place of the original.
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