Combustion chambers mix air and fuel to burn and are found in various engines. Jet engines use a compressor to inject air into the combustion chamber, where it is mixed with fuel and ignited. The three basic types of fireboxes are can, annular, and annular-ring, with the latter being the most efficient.
A combustion chamber is a component in which air and fuel mix, ignite, and burn, and is found in certain types of engines. Several types of engines use combustion chambers, and they can take several basic forms of design. Jet engines, turbines, and special kinds of engines, called ramjets and scramjets, use a combustion chamber as part of their design. They can fit one of three general types of design, but they all operate on the same principles.
All gas turbines, or jet engines, have a combustion chamber where fuel mixes with air and burns. The component is analogous to a cylinder in a typical automobile engine. Jet engines use a compressor to inject air into the combustion chamber, where it is mixed with vaporized jet fuel and ignited. Burning jet fuel creates hot gases that then spin the turbine. The turbine projects these exhaust gases at the rear of the engine, through a nozzle, creating thrust.
A typical combustion chamber can be one of three basic types of design. All firebox assemblies tend to be circular in shape, but can be distinguished by the specific configuration of the burner chambers. A can firebox consists of several independent burner chambers, each can-like, with its own distinct casing, fuel injection, and ignition components, arranged together in a ring.
Annular or “cannular” fireboxes are similar to can fireboxes in that they consist of a series of smaller can-shaped burner chambers, arranged in a ring. The difference is that the ring itself acts as a common casing for all burner chambers, although each chamber will have its own separate ignition and fuel supply systems.
An annular firebox is also shaped like a ring, but the burner itself is a large, ring-shaped chamber. These types of fireboxes have many advantages over the other two basic types, including greater simplicity, which reduces maintenance and improves efficiency. Injection and ignition assemblies are simpler, ignition and combustion processes are more uniform, and other aspects of technical performance tend to outperform the other types as well. For this reason, most modern jet engines tend to use this type of combustion chamber, and most efforts to improve this engine component are focused on this type of combustion chamber.
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