A compressor condenser is an electronic component that connects to the compressor unit of an air conditioning system. It stores and releases electrical energy to run the compressor at initial startup and during operation. There are two types, start and run capacitors. A bad capacitor can cause the system to fail, and replacing it requires proper care and attention. The new capacitor should have the same or higher power rating than the original component.
A compressor condenser is an electronic component that connects to the compressor unit of an air conditioning system. Stores and releases electrical energy to run the compressor at initial startup and during operation. In fact, there are two types, including boot and run versions.
This specialized electronic component normally looks like a small cylinder with positive and negative terminals protruding from one end. The compressor capacitor connects directly to the compressor power supply. The energy inside the capacitor keeps the speed of the compressor and fan motor at a constant power level. As a result, the compressor and fan have a long service life.
Start capacitors provide the extra energy needed when the compressor unit kicks in during the air conditioning cycle. The compressor motor requires an initial torque boost from the energy stored in the capacitor, effectively starting compressor operation. After the compressor capacitor supplies starting energy, it disengages from the compressor unit. This disengaging action allows the run capacitor to engage with the electrical system. A compressor start capacitor will store some of the running electricity within its assembly for future starting torque.
Run capacitors maintain a constant electrical supply to the compressor during operation. Electricity can vary in voltage over time, which can damage the circuitry in a device. In response, the design of the run capacitor requires it to be placed between the power source and the compressor unit. The electrical energy is reserved inside the condenser; the compressor draws the necessary power from the condenser, providing a safe and constant electrical flow.
Over time, a compressor capacitor can fail. Most compressors are located outdoors as they can be relatively noisy in operation. As a result, these electronic components are prone to failure due to age or the elements. An air conditioning system that won’t turn on can indicate a faulty condenser. Alternatively, the compressor and fan may not activate while the internal components try to function.
A bad capacitor can look enlarged or even dented. Many homeowners replace the capacitor themselves, although care should be taken when doing so. All electrical power must be removed from the air conditioning system to avoid accidental electric shock. The repairer should note the colored wiring connected to each capacitor terminal for proper connection to the new component.
A new compressor condenser should have the same power rating as the old condenser. The new capacitor may have a higher power rating than the original component; however, lower power ratings should not be used. Pairing a lower wattage-than-stock condenser with your older compressor can damage your equipment, resulting in costly repairs.
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