Condoms are a barrier method of contraception that protect against pregnancy and STDs. They come in different materials, sizes, and textures and are regulated by agencies that test their quality. Correct use can increase effectiveness, which ranges from 85 to 98 percent depending on the brand.
A condom is a latex, polyurethane, polyisoprene, or lambskin sheath that creates a barrier between the penis and the vagina, anus, or mouth to protect against pregnancy and STDs. Male condoms that fit over the penis are the most commonly used, although there are also condoms for females. The female condom looks like a flexible tube and has a closed end that fits into the vagina and an open end that fits into the entrance to the vagina.
Condom use during sexual activity is especially important for non-monogamous couples, as this carries an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhea. Choosing a condom for pregnancy protection is convenient for many couples because condoms do not require a prescription. They can be used at the time of sexual activity instead of requiring daily, weekly or monthly use like other contraceptive methods, such as birth control pills, patches and vaginal rings.
Most people don’t experience any negative reactions when using a condom, although some are allergic to the materials they’re made from, especially latex. People with latex allergies may choose condoms made from other materials. Lambskin condoms are made from sheep’s intestines and won’t cause irritation to people with latex allergies, but they’re not suitable for protection against STDs because they have tiny holes through which the virus can slip. However, the holes are too small for sperm, so these condoms are effective in protecting against pregnancy.
Couples who choose to use condoms have many choices. Condoms come in different brands, sizes, colors and textures to suit the preferences of different couples. Dry condoms are available, but lubricated condoms often make sexual activity more comfortable for both partners.
Most countries have agencies and organizations that regulate condom sales and test the quality of products. The World Health Organization has recommended requirements for condom quality that many countries follow. These procedures include testing products for burst pressure and for detecting defects that could render the products ineffective.
Female and male condoms should not be used at the same time. Condoms that contain the spermicide nonoxynol-9 are not recommended for couples who use condoms for anything other than protection against pregnancy because the chemical can increase the risk of contracting HIV. It’s also important to wear condoms correctly as directed to increase their effectiveness, which studies show ranges from 85 to 98 percent, depending on the brand and whether they’re used correctly.
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