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An indenture is a legal document outlining the terms of a debt obligation, commonly used in bonds and real estate transactions. It is not associated with indentured servitude, but rather provides information about the nature of the debt, interest, collateral, and default handling. Contracts should be read carefully and reviewed by an attorney to avoid legal problems. The term “indenture” comes from the distinctive pattern created by cutting a single sheet of paper into two copies of an agreement.
An indenture is a formal legal document that provides information about the terms of the contract associated with a debt obligation. The debt parties retain their copies of this agreement in the event of a debt question or dispute. Once the debt has been repaid, the contract is considered concluded and there are no further obligations. Indentures today are most commonly seen with bonds and real estate transactions, where the mortgage agreement is a form of indenture.
Many people associate this term with indentured servitude, where people would agree to work for a set amount of time to pay off a debt. The indentured person would be provided with basic necessities during the time of service and then released. Indentured servitude is illegal in many regions of the world today, and the term “indenture” in the sense of a debt obligation does not usually refer to human slavery, unless one speaks of the historical use of indentured labor.
The modern indenture informs about the nature of the debt and the terms agreed to by both parties, including the term of the debt, interest and other matters. In the case of a bond contract, information about bond payments and the duration of the debt is included. For secured debts such as mortgages, the indenture also discusses what is used as collateral for the loan and how the debt will be handled if it defaults.
Like other legal documents, contracts must be read carefully. People should make sure they fully understand the terms and conditions. If something doesn’t make sense or is unexpected, you can ask the author of the document for clarification. It is advisable to review documents before entering into a contract to give people an opportunity to request redrafting of problematic aspects of the contract. An attorney can go through any document people have questions about to look for more common pitfalls, as well as less common legal problems.
Etymologically, the origins of the term “indenture” are quite intriguing, for people interested in the origins of the words. Originally, these documents were generated by writing two copies of the agreement onto a single sheet of paper and then cutting that sheet into a distinctive pattern. To verify the authenticity of the document, people could fit the two halves together and confirm that they fit. The distinctive spikes created by the cut resembled a set of teeth, explaining the term “indenture.”
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