Courts and tribunals are convened to deal with specific matters, and can be open or closed depending on the reason for their establishment. They can be used for issues such as genocides, social issues, and religious matters. Members are invited based on their skills and experience, and the outcomes can be legally binding or binding within a specific community.
A tribunal is a committee or tribunal convened to deal with a special matter. Courts are not part of the regular legal system, but are usually set up by the government and their outcomes are legally binding. Courts can be convened for a number of different reasons, and their proceedings can be opened or closed, depending on the reason for which they are convened and the location of the court. If group meetings are closed, a formal written statement summarizing the findings may be published once all hearings and deliberations have concluded.
A classic reason to convene a tribunal is in a situation where the international community wishes to hold hearings related to genocides, acts of war and other events. In these cases, a tribunal is used to deal with a specific event, and is convened internationally to avoid charges of manipulation or favoritism. For example, if a war took place in Britain, a court convened in Britain could be accused of leaning to the British side when it comes to hearings, while an independent tribunal could adjudicate the situation without charges of bias.
Courts also sometimes meet to conduct hearings on social issues. In these cases, nothing is on trial and the committee acts as a group of investigators. They can conduct independent investigations, call witnesses, and read reports from other groups to generate their own report. For example, a transit tribunal might determine the lack of transit and make recommendations for implementing a more effective and accessible transit system.
Committees may also be established to examine matters of religious interest. Within some religious sects, members may prefer to settle disputes and investigate suspicious activity with a court, rather than in the community at large, and committee members usually come from the church hierarchy. The results of their meetings may not be legally binding, depending on how and why the court was convened, but they are binding within the church itself.
Usually people are invited to join a court because they have experience or skills that they consider to be used. Sometimes, members are invited by the general public. Persons wishing to participate in proceedings may be required to make a request to do so, as hearings are often crowded and seats for observers are provided on a first come, first served basis. Space is also reserved for members of the media in the public courts, so that the media can report on the progress of hearings, discussions and deliberations.
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