A cylinder machine, or boring bar, is used to remove nicks and create a straight cylinder wall in an engine block. It can also ream the block for a replacement cylinder sleeve. The machine bores the cylinder to a larger size to remove depressions caused by piston wobble and piston ring wear. Final sizing is done with a cylinder hone. A bridge plate is used to replicate torque on the cylinder wall during machining. The engine block must be thoroughly washed after machining to remove metal chips and prevent engine damage.
A cylinder machine is used to bore an oversized engine block. Often called a boring bar, a cylinder machine is used to free a cylinder wall of nicks and nicks and to create a straight cylinder wall. Acting like an internal metal lathe, the cylinder machine cuts material from the cast iron cylinder liner. In some cases of extreme cylinder wall damage, the cylinder machine will ream the engine block until a replacement cylinder sleeve can be inserted and locked in place.
As a piston rises and falls within a cylinder wall, it often begins to create a flat near the top and bottom of the stroke. This is due to the wobble of the piston as it changes direction. By boring the cylinder to a slightly larger size, the cylinder machine frees the cylinder from these depressions. The piston rings also create a ridge near the top of the cylinder wall. This is the result of the piston rings scraping the cylinder wall of oil and wear not only on the cylinder wall, but also on the piston rings themselves.
Typically, when a cylinder is bored oversized, it is not drilled to the exact size by the boring bar. Final cylinder wall sizing is usually completed with a cylinder hone. The cylinder machine will be set up to hone the cylinder to final size, with the machinist taking critical measurements at three points within the cylinder wall. This is done to ensure a straight and true cylinder wall at the bottom, middle and top of the cylinder.
To replicate the effect torque has on the roundness of a cylinder wall, most reputable machine shops will bolt a bridge plate to the top of the block before machining it. The deck plates replicate the torque that the cylinder head and its fasteners impose on the engine block. This is the most accurate method of maintaining a straight and square cylindrical bore. After the machine’s work is completed, the engine block is removed from the cylinder machine and washed thoroughly.
Washing the block removes any metal and abrasive chips left over from the cylinder machine. Failure to flush the block could lead to catastrophic engine failure. It only takes one metal chip left inside an oil passage to cause damage to an engine. The coolant used in the cylinder machine typically washes away most of the chips as they are created. Power washing is to add insuring that all chips have been rinsed out. Blowing out the oil vents with compressed air is the last step in cleaning your engine.
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