A cystourethroscope is a specialized endoscope used by urologists to view the bladder and urethra, diagnose problems, and take therapeutic measures. It has interchangeable scopes for different viewing angles and can be used for educational purposes. The exam can take 10 to 40 minutes and can be performed with a rigid or flexible instrument.
A cystourethroscope is a medical instrument that can view the bladder and urethra. This tool is a specialized type of endoscope and consists of a thin tube with a light and camera attached for maximum viewing. The cystourethroscope allows the surgeon to diagnose problems during a cystourethroscopy, as well as take therapeutic measures such as taking biopsies using tiny surgical instruments that are passed through the tube. The endoscope is quickly assembled and can also be connected to other tools and accessories. It is capable of viewing from different angles and can also be equipped with an attachment for educational purposes.
The instrument sheath is metal and has fiber optic telescope attachments to allow for a viewing angle of zero to 170 degrees. The scopes are interchangeable to allow a complete view of the bladder wall for the presence of ulcers, tumors or diverticula, which are small abnormal pockets that form in the weak part of the wall. Lenses with zero to 30-degree visibility are used to scope the urethra, and the 70-degree lens is used to view the bladder walls. Diagnostic tests and operation of the cystourethroscope are usually performed by a urologist. This is a highly specialized field and can require extensive training over many years.
The patient is typically asked to urinate before the exam, and the endoscope is then lubricated and inserted into the urethra and then into the bladder. Some patients report slight discomfort when the instrument is inserted and fluids are injected, which allows the urologist to easily examine the entire bladder. A cystourethroscope also has the ability to irrigate, collect urine samples, and catheterize patients. This involves inserting a catheter, or hollow tube, into the patient to allow the fluids to be released. Cystourethroscopy can take 10 to 40 minutes to complete and is also used to check for blood in the urine, urinary tract infections or injuries, bladder or kidney stones, and signs of an enlarged prostate.
Cystourethroscopy can be performed with both a rigid telescope and a flexible instrument, which is attached to the telescope. The difference is in the input method. The rigid scope requires the patient to lie supine on an inclined couch with legs elevated and slightly apart. This is known as the lithotomy position. This position is not required when using the flexible scope.
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