Desmoplastic fibroma is a rare, aggressive, benign bone tumor that can destroy bones. Treatment options include resection, bone grafting, and radiation therapy, depending on the location and size of the tumor. Accurate diagnosis is important for proper treatment.
A desmoplastic fibroma is a type of benign bone tumor. Benign means it is not carcinogenic; it does not spread to other parts of the body. Desmoplastic fibroma was first recognized as a distinct type of tumor in 1958 by Henry L. Jaffe. Unlike most other benign lesions, a desmoplastic fibroid tends to be very aggressive at the local site. It can destroy the bone or bones on which it occurs.
Several treatment options, including resection, bone grafting, and radiation therapy, might be recommended for patients suffering from desmoplastic fibroid. The treatment option that a doctor will recommend will depend on a variety of medical factors. Sometimes desmoplastic fibroids reappear even after treatment has taken place.
A desmoplastic fibroid is embedded in the collagen fiber. It could involve bone or soft tissue. The tumor can appear on any bone, but most commonly appears on long bones and is more likely to occur on the femur, tibia, jaw, or pelvis. This cancer is very rare – there had been fewer than 200 documented cases since 2010 – and is most likely to occur early in life, when a person is in their 30s. Symptoms could include pain and swelling.
On X-rays, a desmoplastic fibroid is characterized by its honeycomb-like appearance. The tumor can be difficult to diagnose via X-rays, however, because its appearance often mimics that of other lesions. It is imperative that it is diagnosed correctly, however, so that it can in turn be treated correctly.
Tissue diagnoses of desmoplastic fibroids are often more accurate than radiological ones. When examined histologically, desmoplastic fibroids have a gray or tan appearance, and the texture may be rubbery or firm. They appear as a group of fibrous tissue. They may resemble fibromatosis.
There are several ways a desmoplastic fibroid can be treated. For starters, there are a number of resection – or surgical excision – options that vary in the extent of tissue they remove. There are also radiation therapy treatments for desmoplastic fibroids. Another treatment is bone grafting.
Determining the correct course of treatment for a desmoplastic fibroid will largely depend on whether the bone in which it occurs is expendable. Treatment will also depend on the size of the tumor. Amputation is rarely necessary. If this occurs, your initial treatment may be re-established or your doctor may suggest a different course of treatment.
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