Firebricks are molded clay blocks resistant to heat, used for lining fireplaces and ovens. They contain aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide and can withstand high temperatures. Fireclay is used for heavy and dense products, while insulating firebricks have low thermal conductivity. Refractory products come in various shapes and sizes, and are used in metal production, kilns, and even the space shuttle. Mortars are used to join firebricks together, with refractory mortar being required by building codes.
A firebrick is a molded rectangular block of clay that has been fired and treated to resist heat. Refractory applications such as lining fireplaces and ovens are some of the uses of firebricks. Firebricks are capable of withstanding intense heat without melting. Firebrick usually contains aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide. The manufacturing process involves firing the bricks at high temperatures to create a vitrified ceramic product.
Heavy and dense firebrick products are made of fireclay, which contains an adequate ratio of silica and alumina content. These materials are long lasting and are used in residential, commercial and industrial applications in furnaces and hearths. Many industrial uses require specific properties, such as thermal conductivity or porosity, which must meet certain specifications. The firebrick properties can be adjusted by adding or adjusting the amount of refractory materials.
Ordinary firebricks made of dense clay absorb and retain heat. Lightweight insulating firebricks have low thermal conductivity and do not absorb heat well. These products are much softer and incorporate tiny air pockets that exhibit insulating properties. Insulating refractory bricks maintain their refractory properties and can withstand very high temperatures; they are widely used in electric and gas ovens.
Refractory products are available in brick form and in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Prefabricated types are produced for ferrous and non-ferrous metal foundries. The steel, iron and aluminum industries use refractory materials in the production of metal products. Castable products can be pumped and sprayed for various applications requiring thermal properties. Repair and repair products are made for boilers and furnaces to keep the life as long as possible.
Fireclay mortar and fireclay mortar are often used to join firebricks together. Ordinary Portland cement mortar is also used, but ordinary mortar cannot withstand extreme temperatures; as a result, many building codes require the use of refractory mortar. Medium and high load masonry and mortar products are available for commercial and industrial applications. Patching and bonding mortars also come in many forms, including caulking tubes.
The multiple uses of refractory brick products make them a versatile and indispensable product. The production of steel and aluminum requires dense refractory products. Kilns are thermally insulated brick chambers used for firing and drying clay and ceramic products. Everything from pizza ovens to fireplaces make use of firebricks. The space shuttle heat shield is also a product of refractory fire bricks.
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