Flanged fittings connect pipes using compression and bolts, and can replace traditional connectors. Different types are used for different functions and designs, and may require welding or welding and bolting. Barb fittings can be used for quick repairs. Flanged fittings can have various profiles, and may use gaskets or lubricants to prevent leaks.
A flanged fitting is a type of connection used to join two or more pipes together. Each of the pipes should have a flange or raised ridge that runs around the outside perimeter of the pipe. Installers connect the two flanges by compression using bolts, clamps or other fasteners. A flanged fitting can be used in place of traditional threaded, solder or braze connectors. Some types of flanges are used in conjunction with welding or welding to create a stronger pipe joint.
Different types of flange fittings can be distinguished based on their function or design. Fittings used on very large gas pipes or lines feature a flange with a smooth surface and a series of pre-cut holes in the flange. When two of these flange fittings are joined together, bolts are driven into the holes in the flanges to create a strong and long-lasting connection. A tapered neck flange fitting can be used in high pressure applications. This type of connection generally requires both welding and bolting to withstand the extreme pressure from the materials within the pipe.
Installers who need to add a flanged fitting in the field can choose a barb fitting, which has internal threads like those found on the ends of most pipes. This allows the installer to simply screw the fitting onto the pipe to secure it in place. A barb fitting makes it easy for workers to cut any size pipe as needed for quick repairs, then create threads on the end using a pipe threader to accommodate the flange.
Flange fittings can have a variety of profiles, depending on how they will be used. Elbow fittings feature a curved design for joining two pipes at an angle, with a flange at both ends for a more secure connection. A flanged tee joins two pipes in one pass with another pipe running perpendicular, while a wye joins three pipes running at three angles. Some flange fittings may also feature a four-way or cross-shaped design to accommodate four separate pipes.
Many flanged fittings are used in conjunction with special gaskets that help prevent leaks at the joint between the two pipes. These gaskets are made from rubber or synthetic materials and are often referred to as “o-rings”. When flange fittings are manufactured to very specific tolerances and the flange surface is very smooth, installers may avoid using a gasket to prevent leaks. In some applications, grease or lubricant can be applied in place of an o-ring to help seal any gaps between the flanges.
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