A flyback transformer generates high voltage in CRT devices. It has high requirements for high voltage isolation and its internal structure must be moisture-free. Unlike normal transformers, it generates high voltage in its secondary winding. Impedance depends on frequency and line output transformers are used for power, audio, and other applications. Vacuum tube circuits use line output transformers with a primary winding impedance of 10,000 ohms. Good insulating material is crucial for flyback transformer construction.
A flyback transformer is the main component of a flyback converter that generates high voltage usually in CRT devices such as televisions and oscilloscopes. It is based on the fast falling edge of a horizontal scan signal. This transformer is capable of generating tens of thousands of volts of direct current (VDC) due to the rather high audio frequency of the horizontal beam deflection stage. Compared with other line output transformers, the flyback transformer has the highest requirements for high voltage isolation. The internal structure of a flyback transformer must be free from moisture and must have the right spacing between parts of the winding layers with high voltage differences.
This type of transformer belongs to the category of electrical transformers, but unlike normal power transformers, the flyback transformer generates a high voltage in its secondary winding. High voltage semiconductor rectifiers are used with flyback transformer to generate high voltage. Electrical transformers generate a voltage greater or less than, or equal to, its input. A transformer can step up, step down or simply isolate the input from the output voltage. The input voltage in a transformer is converted into a magnetic field, while the output voltage is generated by the magnetic field which periodically collapses.
The impedance of a flyback transformer is the combination of resistance and frequency sensitive reactance due to the action of capacitors and inductors. Direct current (DC) resistance can be measured using a standard ohmmeter, which operates using a low voltage DC source such as 1.5 volt (V) batteries. Impedance depends on frequency; the audio impedance of a speaker, for example, applies to the audio range from about 100 cycles per second (cps) to about 20,000 hertz (Hz). A line output transformer is used for power, audio, and other applications that require isolation and impedance matching. For audio, a line output transformer may have a high primary winding impedance such as 3,000 ohms, while the secondary impedance might match the impedance of the speaker system usually in the range of 2 to 8 ohms.
Vacuum tube type circuits use line output transformers with a primary winding impedance of something like 10,000 ohms. This results in so many turns of thin magnetic wire being used in constructing transformers for tube type circuits. The higher voltages used for tube circuits mean that flyback transformer construction relies heavily on good insulating material between the winding layers. High humidity is avoided when storing and using insulating tapes and boards used to separate layers of windings. These materials are also able to maintain insulation even at high temperatures that occur during normal operation.
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