A force pump is a simple device that uses mechanical force to move water from one location to another. It is often used for irrigation and agricultural purposes, as well as in industrial and manufacturing environments. Force pumps are easy to install and maintain, but have a low lift limit and are slow and inefficient for high volume applications.
A force pump is a relatively simple device used to draw liquids from a well by hand. Force pumps are considered a type of positive displacement pump because they rely on mechanical force to move water from one location to another. An outdoor well pump in a residential backyard is an example of a base force pump.
To operate a force pump, users press a lever or handle above the ground. Once the handle is pressed, an underground cylindrical piston is pushed into the well. As the piston passes through the water, the water is pushed up around the sides of the piston. Because of the pressure created by this force, water flows upward through an above-ground faucet at a relatively constant rate. A check valve around the piston prevents water from flowing back into the well.
This type of pump is often used to draw water for irrigation purposes and many are also found in agricultural settings. Some older homes may have a small force pump located inside the kitchen to draw water from an outside source. These pumps can be used to suck up liquid chemicals or lubricants in industrial or manufacturing environments. Some are found on storage tanks, such as a propane or kerosene tank. The bilge pump on a boat is also an example of a force pump design.
While the standard force pump has a single chamber for water suction, a double acting force pump features two separate chambers operated by a single handle and piston. As the piston moves down, water is drawn in through both chambers at the same time. This allows users to draw water quicker and produces a smoother, more even flow.
Force pumps are simple to install and use. They are also relatively cost effective compared to more complex pump designs and require little maintenance. As these pumps contain few mechanical parts, they are unlikely to break down and are expected to last for many years.
Despite their many benefits, force pumps may not be the most effective option in some types of applications. Due to their simple design, these pumps have a very low lift limit. This means that they can only draw water from shallow bodies of water. For deep wells, buyers should choose a pump that can be placed inside the well to move water. Force pumps are also quite slow and inefficient and shouldn’t be used for high volume applications.
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