Full screen effects are applied to computer graphics scenes after rendering, creating various results such as motion blur, bloom lighting, and color filtering. These effects are simpler and more resource-intensive than applying them to individual objects in the scene.
A full screen effect is one way that a variety of computer graphics applications can add different special effects to a scene. Rather than rendering a scene with these effects applied to the objects and geometry within it, they are essentially applied after rendering. This means that the graphics program creates an image that the user sees and then applies an effect to it in a uniform way. A full screen effect can be used to perform a number of different tasks, including adding motion blur, soft lighting, and color filtering.
For someone to understand how computer graphics applications can use a full screen effect, it is often easier to first understand what a scene looks like. Programs that use Computer Generated Imagery (CGI), such as video games, often render scenes to a display in real time. This means that as a player navigates a virtual environment, the various objects in a scene that have been created by that game’s developers appear in relation to the player’s location. When the player enters a room with a box, the game software renders the walls, floor, ceiling, and box in the room as a series of frames or images approximately 30 times per second.
You can then add a full screen effect to these individual rendered images to create various results. Motion blur, for example, is a phenomenon that can be seen in the real world or on film; objects often appear distorted and blurry when someone moves rapidly past them. While this effect can be applied to objects in a virtual scene, it is often simpler and more resource-intensive to do so as a full-screen effect. Multiple partial renderings of objects in a game are created and overlaid so that a blurry image appears that conveys a greater sense of speed and movement for a player.
Bloom lighting can also be created as a full screen effect. This is often done to make the lights in a game appear heavier, to make them pop, or for a stylized aesthetic. After the different light sources have been rendered, the game engine creates additional higher intensity renders for the lights and overlays them. A player in a game may therefore see these lights as brighter, with a stronger glow.
The color filter can be applied to a scene in much the same way. If a game developer wants someone to see a room in black and white part of the time, without creating multiple textures for the objects in it, this can be achieved through a full screen effect. While the actual textures in a scene are rendered correctly, a filtered layer is placed on each frame to change object colors for a player.
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