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The galeas was a type of sailing ship used in Scandinavia from the 17th to the early 20th century, influenced by the Dutch galiot. It was used for trading and transport, and had different variations in rigging and masts. The ancient galeas originated in Venice and were used for warfare.
The term galeas often refers to a type of sailing ship that was most often built and used in Scandinavia, particularly Sweden and Finland, from the 17th century to the early 20th century. The design of this ship was influenced by sailing ships such as ketchs and schooners, but mainly by the Dutch galiot, which was used as a trading ship in the Netherlands and Germany. The galeas were sometimes called the Swedish galiot, Baltic trader, Dutch today, or English dogger, and were often used as a trading ship in the Baltic and North Sea. Galeas can also refer to an older type of ship that originated in Venice, being used primarily in the Mediterranean during the 16th and 17th centuries. These ancient galeas used oars and sails for propulsion, and were commonly used for warfare.
Different types of sailboats have different types of rigs, or sailing platforms, referring to the different types and configurations of sails and masts used on sailboats. They also have different types of helmets. The rigging of a galea was similar to that of the Dutch gali, but its stern was square rather than round. The height of the masts also varies between ship types, and on Swedish galeas the aft mast was often shorter than the forward mast. However, the number and height of the masts on a galeas varied, and Finnish-built ships of this type often had three masts of equal height.
This ship was still being built and used well into the 20th century in Scandinavia. On the Swedish lakes and along the Baltic coast of Sweden and Finland, the small versions were commonly used for trade, to transport supplies and to deliver mail. They were also often used to transport goods such as sand, gravel, and firewood from remote towns and villages to cities.
The oldest Mediterranean galeas were based on a ship called a galley, and it was often used as a warship. This ship played an important role in several important battles at sea in the 16th and 17th centuries. She could carry up to 70 guns and was equipped with two or three masts and 20 to 30 pairs of oars, with two to eight men manning each oar. Later versions could measure up to 197 feet (60 m) long, 30 feet (9 m) wide, and 20 feet (6 m) from keel to rail.
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