Game servers allow multiplayer computer games to be played over the internet, either locally or remotely. They require specific hardware and software, and can be hosted by individuals or game providers. Cloud computing is becoming a popular option for hosting game servers.
A game server is used by clients or players to run multiplayer computer games over the Internet. Servers are hosted locally or remotely. Those hosted locally are accessible from those on the local intranet, and those hosted remotely are accessible from anywhere in the world. Computers and video games playable on game servers often require membership fees in exchange for access.
A game server can be defined in three ways: as a computer program used to service client requests, as a computer that hosts such programs, or as a software/hardware system used for databases, files and mail. All three definitions tend to be interdependent on each other. A game server will be both the physical computer used to host the program and the program itself.
Server hardware differs from regular computers in a number of ways. The server can save critical space by not having a graphical interface or monitor or by omitting audio and USB interfaces and features. Servers often need to run continuously without being shut down, they need to be fault tolerant, and most importantly they need to be backed up. The operating systems (OS) used by servers tend to be simpler than the operating systems used by computers, because they are required to perform fewer tasks.
A person can host such a server locally if he wishes. These tend to be called listening servers, rather than dedicated servers, because the host is able to join the game with its own clients. This is usually done over a local area network (LAN), which means that the connection to the server can easily be dropped and will be if, for example, the host stops playing. The server is also under extra strain, because both the host and the users are playing. These servers tend to have fewer users.
A dedicated server is more expensive and tends to be hosted remotely by the game provider. Runs independently of any player or client. This means that the server is better able to provide a gaming platform for hundreds, if not thousands, of players. Capacity for users depends on server size and the number of dedicated servers connected to any multiplayer game.
A growing third option is for a game server to move from a listening or dedicated server format, both of which require the individual host or host company to physically purchase the hardware and software, to cloud computing and cloud servers . In cloud computing, a business operates a large number of servers and other businesses rent out the server space to run their websites and services. Game companies, especially start-ups, may choose to hire a company to control their dedicated servers remotely while focusing on the game itself.
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