A head cold is a viral infection that affects the nose and can cause symptoms such as congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and headaches. It usually resolves on its own within 10 days, but if symptoms persist, medical treatment may be necessary. To reduce the risk of getting a head cold, it is important to wash hands regularly and avoid touching the face.
A head cold is a viral infection that settles in the mucous membranes of the nose. It is sometimes referred to as a “common cold” and is a very frequent sight in the winter months in many regions of the world. This infection is usually harmless, although it can be uncomfortable for several days and resolves on its own after about 10 days.
People with a cold usually have a runny nose, accompanied by congestion, sneezing, and headaches. Some people experience a slight fever and watery eyes, and people may complain of feeling fatigued or generally unwell. The mucus that drains from the nose is typically light in color. Some people with a head cold find that they cough and have hoarse voices due to mucus leaking into the throat.
Eventually, the body will overwhelm the virus causing the infection, mucus production will decrease, and the patient will return to normal. Drinking plenty of fluids, especially warm liquids, can help with a cold, as can being in a warm, slightly humid environment. Avoiding dairy products is recommended, as this can increase mucus production, and patients may find that rest helps a cold resolve more quickly.
If the cold is persistent, a doctor may prescribe decongestants and pain management medications. Saline rinses or nose sprays can also help flush out mucus and increase comfort. Patients should be aware that prolonged use of decongestant sprays can lead to inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose.
There are situations where a head cold can become more serious. In some patients, the cold worsens into a full-blown sinus infection, in which the sinus cavities of the face become infected. A head cold can also lead to an ear infection. While ear and sinus infections can sometimes resolve on their own, medical treatment may be necessary, especially if the condition becomes particularly distressing for the patient. Immunocompromised patients are also at risk of dangerous complications from a cold.
People can reduce the chances of developing a head cold by making sure hands are washed regularly and by avoiding contact between hands and face. This will also reduce the spread of other infections. Someone with an active head cold may also want to be careful around other people, to avoid spreading the infection.
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