Histologists study biological tissue samples in clinical or research settings using specialized laboratory techniques and equipment. They identify diseases, toxins, and genetic information to aid in diagnosis and treatment. Education requirements vary, but a bachelor’s degree is typically required for clinical work, while a doctorate is needed for independent research.
A histologist is a laboratory scientist who studies the anatomy and physiology of biological tissue samples. Most histologists work in clinical settings, such as hospital laboratories, to detect disease and other abnormalities in human tissue. Other professionals conduct empirical scientific research on samples to learn about genetics, cell replication, and evolutionary history. All histologists have specialized knowledge of many different tissue types and employ specialized laboratory techniques to accurately identify and record relevant findings.
Histologists use a lot of sophisticated laboratory equipment in their work. Microscopes and other precision imaging technology tools are frequently employed in clinical and research laboratories. A professional uses specialized dyes that stain certain types of cells, making them easier to identify under a microscope. Histologists also manipulate laboratory equipment to count, cut, and separate cells and their components. Those studying genetics use gels to separate strands of DNA and isolate proteins from cell samples.
Clinical laboratory histologists study tissue samples provided by physicians to look for signs of disease. A histologist studies a sample to identify common pathogens and cancers and then records the information on standard forms. He can also check for traces of toxins, illicit drugs, or radiation during biopsies or autopsies. Findings are reported to physicians so they can make accurate diagnoses and determine the best means of treating certain conditions.
A histologist working in a scientific research laboratory may study living tissue from animals or plants. Scientists conduct research for a wide range of reasons. A practitioner may want to better understand how a specific organism develops or which genes are expressed in the DNA of a sample. Researchers are also studying the physiology of stem cells to understand how they change to form different types of body tissue. In addition, some scientists focus their research on the development of drugs to fight genetic diseases, cancer and viruses.
Education and training requirements for becoming a histologist vary. Most clinical labs will hire new workers with a bachelor’s degree in life sciences or medical technology. Professionals begin their careers as technicians, assisting experienced histologists with their work by setting up experiments, collecting and storing samples, and entering data into electronic files. An advanced degree and national licensure are often required to lead operations in a clinical laboratory.
A person who wants to work as a histologist in an independent research laboratory will typically need to obtain a doctorate. in histology, microbiology, genetics or organic chemistry. After graduating, a new scientist can become an assistant or research associate at a university, private laboratory or biotechnology company. Histologists are gradually given more responsibilities with experience in the field, and eventually he is given the opportunity to organize and direct independent research studies.
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