A home network hub connects multiple computers to a LAN, allowing file sharing and resource sharing. Hubs can be wired or wireless, with compatibility being an issue when mixing old and new hardware. Modem/routers can support multiple standards and Ethernet ports can be used for machines without wireless cards.
A home network hub allows multiple computers to connect to a single device to participate in a local area network (LAN). Computers on a LAN can exchange files and share resources such as a central printer or fax machine. In many cases the purpose of a home LAN is to share a high speed internet connection and local sharing is not desired and may not be implemented.
A hub is a small box-like device with multiple Ethernet ports, from which Ethernet cable can be run to any computer within range. This is typically 300 feet (~100 meters), although hardware strategies can be used to expand the range of the LAN.
With the advent of wireless communication, many networks use a radio device that communicates with all computers on the LAN, rather than having to wire them to the hub. The home network hub is usually built into a high-speed modem that includes a router to connect the LAN and the Internet. Modems support one or more types of Internet access, including cable, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or fiber optic service.
A wireless home network hub will require a wired connection to a single computer for setup purposes, so it can be unplugged and centrally located for maximum wireless coverage of the property. Each computer in the house must also have a wireless network card installed or use a wireless adapter to communicate wirelessly over the LAN. Wireless network cards and adapters must also share a common protocol or standard with the wireless modem.
Compatibility can become an issue when mixing old and new hardware on a LAN. Wireless standards change periodically as technology improves. A home network hub or modem/router might support the newer wireless standard, while an older laptop might use an internal network card that supports an older standard. For maximum flexibility, purchasing a modem/router that supports multiple standards will ensure that the device is compatible with newer and older computers in the family. Conversely, you can purchase wireless adapters that support the protocol you want.
If you don’t mind some wired and some wireless computers, your wireless network hub or modem/router has rear Ethernet ports, which can be used with machines that lack wireless cards or adapters. Ethernet dongles that use a USB port are available for machines without a working Ethernet port. Ethernet ports are also available for the PC Card slot on older laptops. The downside to using a wired connection is the lack of mobility, of course, but in some cases this may not be a problem.
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