Hysterosalpingography is a gynecological imaging procedure to detect abnormalities in the uterus and fallopian tubes, commonly performed for infertility. The test involves real-time X-rays and a contrast medium, and mild to moderate cramping may occur afterwards. Complications are rare, but include infection, fainting, and iodine allergy. Results are usually available soon after the test.
Hysterosalpingography is a gynecological imaging procedure that is typically done to determine if the fallopian tubes are patent and to detect abnormalities in the shape of the uterine cavity. The hysterosalpingography procedure is usually done as an outpatient procedure and takes about 30 minutes. In order to prevent the termination of an early pregnancy, the test is usually conducted after the end of the monthly period but before the start of ovulation.
Hysterosalpingography is frequently performed in cases of infertility. Fallopian tubes blocked by scar tissue and polyps, or growths in the uterine cavity, may appear on the test. No bowel preparation or fasting is usually required before the test; however, the doctor may recommend that the patient take prophylactic antibiotics before the procedure to reduce the risk of infection. The patient is monitored for 30 minutes after the procedure to make sure that the bleeding is under control and that no allergic reactions occur.
The hysterosalpingography test is typically done with the patient lying down under an imaging device called a fluoroscope, which uses real-time X-ray equipment to take live pictures of tubes and the inside of the uterus. A radiologist or gynecologist inserts a cannula into the cervical opening and fills the uterine cavity with a contrast medium. The dye lines the fallopian tubes, then comes out if they are patent. Abnormalities of the fallopian tubes or uterine cavity can be seen on the monitor.
After the hysterosalpingography procedure, the patient can usually resume activities, although it may be recommended to abstain from sexual intercourse for a few days. This procedure can cause mild to moderate uterine cramping that could last for several hours. An over-the-counter pain reliever can be effective in treating post-procedure pain.
Complications of the hysterosalpingography procedure could include infections or fainting. Although rare, the patient may feel dizzy or lightheaded during or after the procedure. Another rare complication can be an allergy to iodine: the procedure uses an iodine-based contrast medium. Radiation exposure from the hysterosalpingography test is low; however, the procedure typically shouldn’t be done if pregnancy is a possibility. Spotting can occur up to two days after the procedure, but heavy bleeding is usually rare.
Hysterosalpingography films are usually available soon after the test. This may allow the doctor to discuss the results with the patient. It may take a few days for the radiologist to review the x-rays and present his final interpretation.
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