Level sensors detect fluid levels in pipes, containers, or other systems. They come in different designs and are used for specific applications. They can be simple gauges or detect changes in fluid levels and communicate them. They are used to detect dangerous levels of fluid buildup and can transmit data wirelessly. They use different mediums like mechanical, electrodes, ultrasonic, magnetic, pressure, and gamma ray sensors.
A level sensor is used to measure or detect levels or quantities of fluids in pipes, containers or other systems, whether open or sealed. Fluids are often liquids, but can be solid materials that behave like fluids, such as sand or grain. Level sensors are available in different designs, depending on the intended application. Sensors of this type are manufactured by many companies around the world and are generally designed for a few specific applications, rather than general use.
Sensors for monitoring levels in containers or other closed systems can take many forms. A level sensor can be as simple as a window to view the contents directly, with a printed gauge showing how much material is present. However, this is technically not a true level sensor so much as a level gauge. A real sensor is something that can detect changes in fluid level and communicate those changes in some way. A fuel gauge in an automobile is a good example of a simple gauge sensor and gauge combination.
A typical level sensor can detect even small changes in fluid levels in a container or other vessel. Most sensors of this type are connected to some type of output system for the purpose of sending notifications to a technician at a monitoring station or to sound an alarm. Level sensors are often used to detect dangerous levels of fluid buildup within a closed system, and when a certain level is reached, an alarm will sound, alerting workers or technicians of the danger.
Many sensors of this type are designed to monitor conditions in locations that are not easily accessible to workers, such as overhead water tanks, or where conditions are hazardous. In these cases, transmission capability is a must for the sensor and can be achieved with standard cabling techniques or wireless transmission. The latest technologies allow sensors to transmit data wirelessly to monitoring systems or even mobile devices. Sensors of this type can be wired into an electrical network or run on batteries.
Depending on the application, level sensors can use a variety of mediums to accomplish their task. Mechanical sensors often use a float system to sense and measure liquid levels. Some level sensors use electrodes and a very weak electric current to measure changes in the levels of conductive liquids. Ultrasonic sensors are capable of monitoring many liquids from a distance without requiring any part of the sensor to actually contact the liquid. Other types of level sensors include magnetic, pressure, and even gamma ray sensors that measure levels of molten metals in smelters.
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