Microliths are small flint or rock tools measuring 1-3 cm in length and less than 0.5 cm in width, dating back to the Mesolithic period. They were used by nomadic tribes for hunting and protection, and could be attached to other objects. Geometric microliths came in various shapes and sizes, providing valuable information about prehistory. They helped stimulate population growth during the Stone Age by making hunting more practical for larger groups.
A microlith is a small tool made of flint or rock. Generally, these types of flint tools measure between 1 and 3 cm (0.39 to 1.18 inch) in length and less than 0.5 cm (0.19 inch) in width. The microlith dates to the Mesolithic, or Middle Stone Age, period from about 10,000 to 4,000 BC. During this period, nomadic tribes relied on the microlith as they engaged in the hunter-gatherer lifestyle common to the period. Many examples of microliths have been found throughout Europe and Asia and these tools provide valuable information about ancient man and prehistory.
Stone Age man created microliths by breaking pieces of flint. They often fashioned the tools using rocks to create a sharp edge, or simply took advantage of the natural sharp edges on some units. The most basic microlith featured a narrow, straight blade with a pointed end, similar to a modern knife. Later versions came in many different shapes and are commonly referred to as geometric monoliths. By examining the shape and size of each tool, researchers can often date the unit to a specific period or group of ancient people.
Geometric microliths come in a variety of shapes and sizes and were formed using rocks or other rudimentary tools. The lunar microlith took the shape of a half moon, with the rounded edge used for cutting and dicing. The triangular microliths provided multiple spots to act as a backup if one became damaged. These triangular units were also useful for penetrating farther into an animal or foe than was possible using a standard weapon of the time. Some ancients also used square or rectangular tools, while trapezoidal versions were common during the later part of the Middle Stone Age.
Nomads of the time used the microlith in a variety of ways and relied on this tool for hunting and protection. Typically, these flint tools were too small to use on their own and had to be attached to another object to make them more practical for everyday use. These small pieces of flint often served as arrowheads or spearheads for hunting and fishing. They could also be attached for bone or wooden handles for use as a weapon or cutting tool.
Some modern scientists believe that the microlith helped stimulate population growth during the Stone Age. These small tools were easy to make and could be carried long distances, making them much more practical than earlier tools, which were large and cumbersome. This allowed more tribe members to get involved in a hunt, resulting in more food being available for all.
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