Monocles were a popular fashion statement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, used to magnify small print or examine details. They were often made of glass with a metal frame and attached to a cord. Monocles fell out of style as glasses became more popular and precise.
A monocle is a type of vision aid that is worn over one eye, instead of the typical glasses, which cover both eyes with lenses. It was often used from time to time to magnify small print or to examine small details in items such as jewellery. Many upper-class men and women sported a monocle as an elaborate fashion statement in the late 19th century.
The monocle might be made of glass only, or it might have glass with a metal frame. It was usually attached to a cord that was secured to clothing. This way, the device could be used when needed and left dangling when not needed.
It might be hard to imagine how the monocle stayed in place. Early models fit tightly in the eye socket, just below the brow and just below the lower eyelid. This could, however, put pressure on the eyelashes. In the late 19th century, the gallery monocle became popular. These were often custom made and pushed the lens away from the eye, although the frame still fit into the eye socket.
The least expensive style of monocle was made in the early 20th century. This was unframed and was cut to fit the person’s eye socket. Another form, often employed by women, was the glass quiz. Instead of fitting into the eye socket, this type of eyeglass was attached to a long handle. The quiz loupe could be brought up to eye level when magnification was needed.
The monocle was particularly associated with men’s high fashion in the early 20th century. However, many imaginary and real people sported them long before they became a fashion trend. Perhaps the most famous representation of the monocle is the one worn by the gentleman depicted on the front cover of The New Yorker. You can still see the monocle illustrated in such iconic characters as Mr. Peanut and Uncle Pennybags from the game “Monopoly”.
As ophthalmology became a more precise science, often noting that both eyes needed correction, monocles went out of style. Glasses became more popular and were less likely to fall and break. Comedy routines were often based on a monocle falling and breaking if a person quickly changed their facial expression. There is some truth in routine.
What is known is that monoculars were not only fashionable and practical, but also quite comfortable. Typically, they only caused discomfort if they weren’t properly fitted to the eye. The poor man’s monocle, which was not suitable for the wearer, was usually bought cheaply and therefore could fall off more frequently, or cause some squinting to keep it in place.
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