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A multiplexer is a device that combines multiple data signals into one transmission, saving time and money. The receiving end requires a demultiplexer to split the data stream. It is commonly used in communication signals, such as digital TV and radio.
Despite what it sounds like in common parlance, a multiplexor is not a machine that creates giant cinema complexes. Rather, a multiplexer is a practical device that can bundle several data signals together for use in one giant transmission, using only one transmission method. The result is a faster data flow, but one that requires some reverse engineering on the other side.
A multiplexer can come in handy when transmitting data in multiple signatures requires more money and/or time than a business or individual is willing to spend. In these cases, a multiplexer does everything to save time and money. However, the machine receiving the combined data stream must have a demultiplexer, which splits the data stream into its original parts for analysis.
To better understand this process, think about this type of data transfer in real terms. Think of a series of pipes along which water flows. The water initially flows down several pipes, but is eventually channeled into only one pipe. All of the water flows through that one pipe to its final destination. At that final destination, all of the water exits through one pipe and is then distributed through multiple pipes.
Multiplexers involving two to eight inputs are quite common. A multiplexer with multiple inputs in not unheard of. The same goes for demultiplexers.
A multiplexor is sometimes called a mux for short. Similarly, a demultiplexer is sometimes called a demux. Both are available for analog and digital signal processing.
A multiplexer is commonly used in the transmission of communication signals. A video signal, for example, will have both a visual component and an audio component. A multiplexer can intertwine both components for the transmission process and the demultiplexer on the other side can reverse the process. This type of transmission is extremely common in both digital television and digital radio. Also, analog broadcasts such as FM radio use a multiplexer, adding subcarriers to the audio signal for modulation. This is known as MPX.
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