A network computer is a diskless computer that relies on a server for storage and processing. It is cheaper to manufacture and maintain than traditional workstations, but can run slower when many are in use. The concept was originally developed by Oracle but failed due to slow performance and lack of infrastructure. However, aspects of the technology have been used to develop new devices such as netbooks and smartphones.
A network computer, or NC, is one of several diskless computers dependent on and connected to another computer that holds hard disk space or processes information. The term was originally trademarked by Oracle in 1996, but now refers to any arrangement of computers connected to a common server. Also called a diskless node, hybrid client, or thin client, a network computer is a diskless computer that lacks disk drives, depends entirely on a server for storing information, and must boot from a central server every time it is started.
While similar, diskless nodes and thin clients have distinct differences. A diskless node can do its own information processing, relying on the server to boot and for more complex information processing. A thin client essentially relies on the server to boot and process all information. Thin clients only process their own user interface.
Network computer arrangements have several advantages over a network of workstation computers with hard drives. Network computers are cheaper to manufacture and less expensive to operate and maintain. They are also easier to update because only the server needs to be updated rather than an entire network.
A network computer can run on just basic software, reducing costs for the entire network. This efficiency can come at a price. Diskless workstations and thin clients can run slower when many workstations are in use, placing strain on the central server.
The original concept of a network computer arose shortly after the release of Microsoft Windows 95. Oracle attempted to develop a concept that would make Microsoft’s operating system obsolete by introducing a computer that had none. Instead, Oracle’s network computer would rely on Oracle databases for application access and information storage. Oracle’s network computer would be much cheaper than Microsoft’s personal computer.
Unfortunately, the product was released before it was ready. Network computers were running slowly, and Oracle didn’t have enough infrastructure to support the product. The prices of personal computers have fallen, making them even more attractive to consumers and more competitive with network computers. Oracle’s network computers were unable to compete and the product was deemed a failure.
However, the concept has not been completely abandoned, and other developers have used aspects of network computer technology to develop new technologies similar to network computers, such as the diskless node, thin client, and hybrid client. Netbooks and smartphones are examples of devices that use scaled-down operating systems and are mostly used for internet access and applications that rely on internet access.
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