A network operating system controls software and hardware on a network, allowing multiple computers to communicate and share resources. Networks consist of computers connected to a central hub, with a file server storing data. Network administrators manage the system and may receive certifications for specific types of NOS. Peer-to-peer and client/server networks can be overseen by a NOS, with the latter providing more control and centralized access.
A network operating system (NOS) is a software program that controls other software and hardware running on a network. It also allows multiple computers, known as network computers, to communicate with a central hub and share resources, run applications, and send messages. Such a system can consist of a wireless network, a local area network (LAN), or even two or three computer networks connected to each other. Administrators running these networks typically have training in several network operating systems.
Elements of a network
Networks usually consist of multiple computers connected to each other through a central hub or router. This central hub, in turn, can be connected to a larger main computer. Networks can also include other devices such as printers, data backup systems and central storage facilities. The master network computer controls all connected machines with the help of network operating system software.
Layout and characteristics of a NOS
A network operating system often has a menu-based administration interface. From this interface, a network administrator can perform a variety of tasks. Use the interface to format hard drives, set security permissions, and establish login information for each user. An administrator can also use a network operating system interface to identify shared printers and configure the system to automatically back up data on a scheduled basis.
File server
An important component of a network is the file server. A file server is a device that stores data for use by various computers on a network. It can be a single computer or a cluster of external hard drives connected in series to store data. A network operating system helps manage the flow of information between the file server and network computers.
Network administrators
Network administrators install and manage network hardware and operating systems. They can even configure a network operating system to recognize multiple networks as part of a larger system. More than one administrator may be needed for such groups, as they can get quite large and complex.
Certification for different systems
There are a number of operating systems available and each NOS works differently. This means that an administrator must know how to properly configure each network operating system to meet the needs of a customer or an employer. Network administrators often receive certifications with specific types of NOS, indicating that they can effectively manage these systems.
Common types of networks
A network operating system can usually oversee two main types of networks: peer-to-peer and client/server. In a peer-to-peer system, a centralized NOS may not even be needed as a secondary program directs the flow of information between each peer. Client/server networks most commonly require a NOS to organize data transfers and manage information availability. Many administrators prefer this type of network for businesses and schools, as it allows for more control and creates a centralized system of permissions and access.
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