A patent court deals exclusively with cases involving patent law, as evaluating patents and applying patent law require special technical skills. Patents are intellectual property rights granted by a government to the inventor of a product. Patent litigation is complicated and requires a high level of technical expertise. Many countries have set up specialized patent courts to hear these cases. These courts have a dedicated panel of judges with both legal and technical backgrounds.
A patent court is a court that deals exclusively with cases involving patent law. Some countries segregate patent cases within their legal systems because evaluating patents and applying patent law require special technical skills that the average judge may not have. The patent court of a country is designated by name “patent court” and exists independently of the national judicial system, or it is part of the national judicial system and exists as a panel of judges appointed to hear patent law cases exclusively.
Patents are intellectual property rights granted by a government to the inventor of a product. It provides the inventor with the exclusive right to profit from his invention within the jurisdiction of the government for a specified period of time, and in return the inventor makes the invention available to the public. Patents are usually applied for and administratively registered with a country’s national patent office. Disputes relating to the granting of a patent or the prosecution of patent infringement, however, are usually handled by the country’s judicial system.
Patent litigation is complicated and requires a high level of technical expertise. Inventions can include technical drawings, programming specifications, formulas, and other scientific details that make analysis difficult to determine whether a patent is valid or has been infringed by a person unfamiliar with that area of science. Many countries have recognized this difficulty and have set up a specialized patent court to hear these cases.
In the UK, all patent law cases are heard in the High Court, Patents Court, which is part of the Chancery Division of the Supreme Court. The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit is the patent court of the United States and has exclusive federal jurisdiction to hear appeals from the United States Patent and Trademark Office and federal district court appeals in cases of infringement of patents. Other countries, such as Canada, Australia, and Taiwan, have similarly dedicated patent courts.
A typical patent court will have a dedicated panel of judges who have been appointed or elected to the court. These judges have both the legal and technical background to analyze patents and provide inventors with the kind of effective protection that would be difficult to obtain in a general application court. In some jurisdictions, such as the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada, only legal professionals with special credentials in patent law are allowed to argue cases in patent court.
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