Pelvic CT scans use X-rays to create multiple images of the pelvic region, helping to diagnose conditions such as gastrointestinal issues, reproductive tract problems, kidney stones, and blood vessel conditions. However, the exposure to ionizing radiation can be harmful and the use of intravenous contrast can cause kidney problems.
A pelvic computed tomography (CT) scan is an imaging modality used to examine parts of the body located in the pelvic region. The technique uses ionizing radiation to create more two-dimensional images of this region of the body. Diseases or symptoms involving the gastrointestinal tract, female reproductive organs, kidneys, or blood vessels can be evaluated using this imaging technique. While this x-ray procedure can provide important information, it does expose patients to harmful radiation and could cause kidney problems when used in conjunction with intravenous contrast material.
Pelvic CT scan works by using X-rays to clarify the anatomical structures underlying the skin in the human body. It uses the same technology as an x-ray machine, but instead of providing one image, it delivers multiple images located at certain levels within the body. Traditionally, a pelvic CT scan provides images that dissect the human body, generating successive images starting in a region of the body around the navel and continuing up to the upper thighs. Interpretation of these many two-dimensional images allows radiologists or other healthcare professionals to conceptualize the three-dimensional structures present in this region of the body.
Many different symptoms and diseases can be evaluated using a pelvic CT scan. A variety of different abdominal complaints – including abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, bloating and cramping – can be evaluated using this imaging technique and could diagnose conditions such as appendicitis, diverticulosis, colitis and pancreatitis. The method is useful for examining pathology of the female reproductive tract, including pelvic inflammatory disease, fibroids, or ovarian cysts. Kidney stones can also be visualized using this imaging technique. Large blood vessels, such as the aorta, can also be evaluated with this radiographic method, and conditions such as stenosis, aneurysm, dissection, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis can be diagnosed.
There are some negative side effects that can occur from getting a pelvic CT scan, and this x-ray technique cannot be done in all individuals. The technique uses ionizing radiation, which can cause cumulative damage to exposed patients over time. Patients who have repeated CT scans may have an increased risk of developing various types of cancer. Often the imaging technique uses intravenous contrast to better visualize body structures. This contrast is unfortunately toxic to the kidney, so it should be used with caution in patients with underlying renal insufficiency.
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