Piano tuners use specialized tools to adjust strings and ensure proper pitch, and can also work as technicians. They identify and correct problems caused by changes in humidity, temperature, and string tension. Training programs are available, and experienced professionals may start their own businesses.
A piano tuner adjusts the delicate pegs and strings inside a piano to ensure that each key is the correct pitch. Professionals use a number of different tools to adjust strings and verify proper tunings, including specialized hammers, screwdrivers, pliers, silencers, and tuning forks. Tuners can also work as technicians, repairing and maintaining other parts of pianos. Most piano tuners work for repair shops, piano manufacturers and any retail outlets, although many experienced professionals operate their own full or part time businesses.
Piano strings tend to move and loosen over time, changing the tones they emit when plucked. Changes in humidity and temperature can also affect string tension, and constant vibration causes the tuning pegs to loosen. A piano tuner is able to identify and correct piano problems by carefully inspecting the internal components, testing each string to determine its pitch, and making fine adjustments to realign the pegs. As transporting a piano is heavy and presents the possibility of tuning the strings, most piano tuners carry out their work in the customers’ homes.
A professional piano tuner uses a tuning fork to ensure that each string is tightened to the correct frequency. Many skilled tuners rely on hand-held tuning forks and trained ears to tune the piano, although electronic tuning forks are also used to ensure perfect work. Professionals also use hammers and pliers to hold and tighten the pins, as well as many other small tools to make very fine adjustments.
An individual who wants to become a piano tuner can learn the craft by taking correspondence courses or by enrolling in one- to six-month training programs at accredited institutions. Generally, students have access to the necessary tools and practice pianos to hone their skills. Some programs include business classes so individuals can learn how to find and please clients who need their services. Once basic training is completed, a new piano tuner usually works as an assistant or apprentice to an established professional for up to four years to really master the craft and become familiar with customer service duties.
After gaining experience as an apprentice, a tuner can apply for jobs in repair shops, piano retailers, and factories. A few skilled tuners who manage to build a good rapport with customers are able to start their own businesses. Self-employed people can work full-time or tune pianos as a way to supplement their income from other sources. Successful tuners often expand their business to include a repair shop, assistants to help them make house calls, and secretaries to handle administrative tasks.
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