A plunger pump regulates fluid flow in various industries, using two valves and a plunger to create suction or discharge. It can handle solids without clogging and is made of various metals, including ceramic for offshore use. Piston pumps are similar but move liquids or solids instead. Trailer-mounted pumps were first made in 1928 and are used for high-pressure applications.
A plunger pump is a device used in wastewater treatment plants, car washes, food processing plants, and the oil and gas industry to regulate the flow of fluids. It consists of two valves mounted in a pumping chamber which control the action of a plunger into a suction force or discharge force. The design of the machine allows solids to flow freely without clogging the system.
Also called a well service pump or high viscosity pump, this positive displacement pump uses a mechanism in a cylinder to create a pressure building action. The pressure pushes gas, liquid or sludge through the pump. The inlet valve and outlet valve chambers are both pressure activated. The actual plunger can be made of various metals depending on the intended use. When a plunger pump is used on offshore oil rigs, a solid ceramic plunger prevents saltwater corrosion.
Stainless steel is commonly used for piston pump chambers in the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The chamber can be sterilized after passage of animal waste or chemicals to prevent contamination. These features help companies comply with secure processing regulations.
Two types of plunger pumps for home use are commonly purchased. A pressure washer uses the same mechanism as heavy-duty pumps. Many homeowners find a portable pressure washer suitable for tough cleaning projects. Sump pumps are often needed when a basement is flooded. Both of these types of pumps create pressure through the action of a plunger.
Piston pumps are similar to a piston pump. The main difference between the two is that a piston moves liquids or solids instead of a plunger. Piston pumps are designed as axial piston pumps or rotary piston pumps, with an internal rotary device that controls flow and pressure. In both types, the capacity is determined by the number of rams or pistons and the speed of the action.
Trailer-mounted piston pumps were first manufactured in 1928. These simple machines could be moved to any area where high pressure applications were needed. One machine was used by the US Army during WWII to build a remote air base in the South Pacific. The modern trailer mounted plunger pump is used for municipal sewer and industrial waste spills, lagoon and oil field pumping.
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