Propeller pumps are linear flow, impeller-type devices used in water treatment, chemical plants, and agriculture. They have large flow capacities, can pump suspended sand, and operate without priming. They can be installed vertically, horizontally, or angled and have helix bladed impeller heads. They are shallow duty pumps with low head values but can move over 50,000 gallons per minute. They are available in various drive options and can be used in tanks with steeply sloped walls.
A propeller pump is a high-flow, low-lift impeller-type device characterized by a linear flow path. The propeller pump can be installed in a vertical, horizontal or angled orientation and typically has the motor located above the water level with the impeller below the water. These pumps work by drawing water from an outer casing and a discharge outlet via a helix bladed impeller head. Propeller pumps are used in water treatment plants, chemical plants or agricultural applications where high head values are not required. Compared to other common pump designs, they have several advantages such as large flow capacities, ability to pump suspended sand, and priming-free operation.
Propeller pumps have a conventional rotary impeller design and are used in applications with a high flow volume and moderate head requirements. In these cases, head refers to the total height to which the pump is capable of moving water. These can be oriented vertically, horizontally or be angled depending on the specific application. Vertical and angled vane pumps typically feature a drive motor located above the water at the top of a tubular casing. The pump drive shaft is driven to the impeller head at the bottom of the housing through support bearings in a sealed inner tube.
The impeller head is equipped with helical blades and can consist of one or more stages. The suction head section of the body which houses the impellers is typically fitted with a filter attachment which prevents the ingestion of large foreign bodies. When the pump is running, the rotating impeller draws water through the body and through an angled discharge tube. The fact that the water is moved in a straight line along the pump body rather than in a circular direction is the starkst difference between the propeller and other types of impeller pump.
Horizontal vane pump installations usually feature submersible, sealed motors mounted directly behind the impeller head. These designs are typically employed when the pump is used to draw water through a tank wall or bulkhead. Floating propeller pumps are mobile units mounted on a purpose built pontoon which can be moved around the body of water should the need arise. Angled pumps are often installed on tanks with steeply sloped walls.
The propeller pump is generally a shallow duty pump with application depths rarely exceeding 100 feet (30 meters) with typical shaft depths ranging from 10 to 30 feet (3 to 9 meters). These pump types offer the benefit of high flow rates with larger examples capable of moving over 50,000 gallons (190,000 liters) per minute. They do not have high head values; the average is between 20 and 40 feet (6 to 12 meters). The propeller pump also has several distinct advantages over other pump types, including high flow volumes, the ability to pump suspended silt, and a wide range of possible drive options. The fact that the impeller head is always submerged also means that the pumps never need to be primed before use.
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