A pulse booster reshapes transmitted signals to limit effective bandwidth, reducing interference. Pulse extenders allow control of wavelength, power, and duration for stable operation. Different techniques are used to construct pulse generators and compressors, including gratings and prisms. Custom dispersion can be achieved within glass optical fibers.
Used in communications technology and networking, a pulse booster is often employed in a fiber optic network. It is a component designed to reshape the waveforms of transmitted signals in order to limit the effective bandwidth. This reduces intersymbol interference for more efficient use of the frequency band. Different processes are employed in the reshaping of a signal pulse as it undergoes different transformations to reach the targeted amplitude. These processes can include amplification, dispersive stretching, and compression to achieve the desired pulse.
The use of a pulse extender in a network allows continuous control of the wavelength, power and duration of the energy emitted by the laser. This serves to transmit the full pulse energy and cohesive, non-diffraction beam quality at a reduced peak power for less interference and more stable operation over a range of temperatures. These devices can operate with pulse capture, peak power monitoring, quad or ultrasonic pulse processing, and electronic transient capture. Applications may include medical use in laser tissue interaction, photochemical and photolithographic processes, surgery and dentistry.
Another aspect of pulse stretcher technology includes the ability to couple with optical fibers to eliminate the risk of fiber damage from over-amplified lasers. The pulse former typically resolves the fast pulses emitted by diodes and transistors. Its output pulse has a greater duration and amplitude that matches the peak amplitude of an input pulse. A seed pulse peak can be flattened through dispersive stretching, amplified, and then passed through dispersive compression to generate the final tightest pulse.
Various techniques and technologies are employed to construct a pulse generator or compressor. This is usually achieved through the use of gratings and prisms. A stretcher or compressor is characterized by wavelength dispersion or separation. Negative dispersion allows light of higher frequencies to travel faster through a device than lower frequencies.
Light scattering can be affected by every component it interacts with in the device. Gratings reflect light while prisms scatter; different arrangements play with distance and dispersion to modulate a wave. Grismas, a hybrid of prisms and gratings, correct higher-order dispersion.
Other techniques for creating dispersion may involve directing light through a plate of transparent material. There are different materials for creating positive and negative dispersions. Some components use the amplitude, frequency and timing of acoustic waves to disperse the impulses. The manufacturing processes also allow for custom dispersion within the glass optical fibers themselves. Where a pulse stretcher is employed, evaluation of the signal quality can be achieved through the use of analytical tools, such as a laser beam analyzer, to determine the waveform profile, energy, frequency, power and the time shape of the pulse.
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